136 
THE GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. 
Februaht 22, 1913 
SOME DWARF CAMPANULAS. 
Under the above title it is not intended 
to include those species, like C. cerisia and 
others, which require special treatment, 
hut only those dwarf and free-growing 
kinds that prove so valuable for furnishing 
the rock garden and border. The Bell¬ 
flower family is such a large and varied one 
that a most interesting garden could be 
made entirely oonfinod to the members of 
this genus alone. The flowering time ex¬ 
tends over a long period, so that an effec¬ 
tive display might oe obtained from spring 
until well into the autumn months. In 
In such positions it will produce masses of 
rich violet flowers from June onwards 
through the summer months. This species 
has often been confounded with the Italian 
C. garganica, quite a distinct species, with 
wide, open flowers. It is also known under 
the more acceptable name of C. muralis, 
and varies a good deal in the size of its 
bells. The Bavarian form bears the largest 
flowers, and is also very vigorous in habit; 
it is known either as var. bavarica or var. 
major. 
When planting C. Portenschlagiana 
idige wnite nowers, pelvitormis, with flaf 
saucer-shaped flowers of a pale blue colour • 
Rivei^lea, very large, somewhat flat flower^ 
of a deep blue shade; and turbinata simi 
ar to the last, with rich blue flowers of 
large size, and a dwarf compact habit 
Many others have been offered in cata’ 
logues, but they are more or less similar 
to the aWe, environment and conditions 
under which they are grown makine a con 
siderable difference. 
C. s:arg:anica. 
A very dwarf plant is the Italian Bdl 
flower, forming tufts of dark green, shining 
foliage, only two inches high. These are 
covered from May to July with numerous 
wide open, starlike flowers of a pretty 
blue-lilac shade. It is a good per^nial 
and quite hardy, although often suffering 
from too much damp in winter if not pro 
vided with copious drainage. Like the 
CAMPANULA PORTENSCHLAGIANA. 
A beautiful plant for the rock garden or border; it bears violet flowers. 
habit the species vary to a great extent, 
from tiny plants like C. cerisia, only an 
inch or so high, to giants like C. lactiflora, 
which in favourable situations attain a 
height of 8ft. or more. Those species and 
varieties mentioned below are a few of the 
more easily-grown and decorative plants 
suitable for many situations in the rock 
garden. 
C. Portenschlag:iana. 
This charming little Dalmatian cam- 
panula, which is here illustrated, is bur¬ 
dened with a cumbrous name, but it cer- 
tainlv is one of the most useful of the 
smaller-growing members of a family that 
plays a prominent part in furnishing our 
rock gardens. Of free-spreading habit in 
half-hardy or even in sunny positions, this 
Rellflower will soon cover a good space with 
its stoloniferous stems, which love to ramble 
amongst moisture-holding rocks or stones. 
should be provided with a gritty compost of 
loamy soil, to which should be added some 
brol^en limestone. It does not appear to 
ripen seeds; at least, I have never seen 
any yet. However, it may be propagated 
readily by means of division in autumn or 
spring, or cuttings in summer. It is a 
native of Dalmatia, and found on rocks 
and walls. 
C. carpatica. 
The Carpathian Bellflower is deservedly 
one of the most popular garden plants; it 
so easily grown and so very floriferous. 
Ihe type forms a neat tuft of stems and 
foliage, with fair-sized blue flowers on 
stems about nine inches high. In gardens 
there are numerous beautiful varieties 
some with very large flowers. They vary 
considerably when raised from seed, so that 
forms may be multiplied indefinitely. Some 
of the most distinct are: mite Star, with 
Dalmatian Bellflower, it is an excellent 
subject for walls, planted between the loose 
stones. C. garganica grows on Mount 
Gargans in the fissures of rocks and oW 
walls, in full sun. It seems to be strktlv 
limited to this locality, not having b^*™ 
recorded elsewhere, although its closel)* 
allied species, C. Portenschlagiana, is found 
on the other side of the Adriatic some 
hundred miles away. 
C. garganica var. hirsuta is an attra^ 
tive form, with very hairy foliage, and is 
still more impatient of damp than the typ^- 
It should always be planted in the fissur^ 
of vertical rocks. The white form of the 
latter is a pretty companion. 
C. pulla. 
C. pulla, from the Alps of Austria, 
a beautiful little tufted species, forming 
regular turf by means of its numero 
