THE GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. 
Maech 15, 1913 
ANSWERS TO 
CORRESPONDENTS. 
Editorial Oomnmnicationfi ehoiild be addreeet'd to the 
Editor of the Oardeneiw’ Magazine, 148 and 149, 
Aideregatie Street, E.O. 
Secnetaxu* of horticultural eoeietiee are invited to 
aend early notification of forthcoming: exhibitions 
and meeting:®, and are requested to adviee ue com- 
cerning' changes of dates. 
Specimens of {Hants, flowers, and fruits for naming 
or opinion should be S4*nt to the Editor of the 
Gardeners’ Magazine, " Endsleigh,” l*riory I’ark 
W, Surrey, and as early in the week as possible. 
All iia>roels must be sufficiently prepaid. 
The Erflitor will be glad to receive photographs of 
gardens, plants, flowers, tre^w., fruits, etc., for 
reproiluotion in the Gardeners’ Magazine. He will 
also Iw jnratJy obliged by correspondents sending 
early intimation of inter^ting local events relating 
to hortioultur*?. In ^ending newspapers containing 
matter to which they wish to draw att^mtion, cor¬ 
respondents are requested to distinctly mark the 
paragraph. 
DICTIONARY OF PLANT NAMES.— 
F. J., Hampstead; Will you please recom¬ 
mend me one or two books givingf plant 
names, but not cultural notes, and say where 
they can be obtained!"—We do not know a 
single dictionary of plant names that has 
appeared in modern times without cultural 
notes, however brief. “ Johnson’s Gardener’s 
Dictionary ” (G. Bell and ^ns) contains a 
very large number of plant names, with 
brief descriptions of the species listed, and a 
quite short cultural note for each genus. 
The Kew Hand Lists contain nothing but 
plant names and habit, and a list of these 
handbooks and prices can be obtained on 
application to the Curator, Royal Gardens, 
Kew. If you have not the “Encyclopaedia 
of Gardening” (W. H. and L. Collingridge, 
148, Aldersgate Street, E.C., post free, 
3s. lOd.), it will be worth your wdiile to add 
it to your library as it contains selections of 
npecies and varieties and a fund of other 
horticultural information. 
GERMINATION OF VEGETABLE 
SEEDS.—F. G. S., Walton-on-the-Naze: I 
shall be greatly obliged if you will tell me 
the average time required for the seeds of 
the commoner kitchen garden crops to germi¬ 
nate under fair conditions of soil and 
climate.—Radish germinates in from 3 to 6 
days; turnip, 4 to 8 days; beans, cabbage, 
cauliflower, and endive, 5 to 10 days; let^ 
tuce. 6 to 8 days; cucumbers and peas,' 6 to 
10 days; tomatoes, 6 to 12 days; beet and 
onions, 7 to 10 days; salsifv, 7 to 12 days* 
celery and parsnip, 10 to 20 days; and carl 
rot, 12 to 18 days. 
^ COOL GREENHOUSE 
—W . B. S., Swindon.—Will you kindly give 
a selection of plants for a cool greenhouse 
as follows: Six flowering plants, rather out 
of the way kinds, other than florist’s flowers 
azaleas, geraniums, etc.; six foliage plants 
uncommon sorts, other than coleus, Rex be¬ 
gonias, and aspidistras; six climbers, other 
than oo^as, asparagus, smilax, clematis, and 
roses, ^ey must all be of fairly easy cul- 
ture and readily propagated from seeds!-We 
should have been better able to render assist¬ 
ance had we known the minimum winter 
temperature of the greenhouse. Flowering 
planto not very widely grown for greenhouse 
decoration are Ix>belia teniiior, 9 to 12in8 
blue, white, or rose, annual; Alonsoa War- 
scewiczi, 15ins., scarlet, annual; double 
balsams, 18in., various, annual; Calceolaria 
Clibrani, 24ft., yellow; Calceolaria Veitchi, 
3ft., white; Celsia arcturus, 18in., clear 
yellow; Datura cornucopia, ISins., ’white 
marked purple; Impatiens Holsti, 2ft., rose^ 
pink; Nicotiana Sanderse, 3ft., rose ’ Reh 
mannia angulata, 3ft., pink; Trachelium 
coeruleum, ISins., bluish-mauve; Torenia 
Fournieri, 1ft., blue and white; and T. Bail- 
loni, yellow and purple. There are many 
others, and we have given more than six so 
as to leave room for the exercise of taste in 
form, habit, and colouring. For foliage 
plants easily raised from seeds there are the 
amaranthus, particularly A. tricolor splen- 
dens, and A. salicifolia, Cyperus natalensis, 
Eulalia iaponica variegata. varieoated 
maize, Melianthus major, and RicinusGibsoni. 
Good climbers for the greenhouse are Mau- 
randya Barclayana, purple; Mina lobata. 
red and orange; Ipomaea rubro-coerulea, sky- 
blue; Abutilou megapotaniicum, yellow and 
scarlet; Kennedya coccinea, scarlet; and 
Tropaeolum Lobbianum, orange. 
ORIGIN OF POLYANTHUSES.—A. C., 
A'armouth, I. of W.; My polyanthuses are 
coming into bloom finely just now, and I 
have been wondering how these beautiful 
spring flowers originated. Can you tell me 
whether they are of hybrid origin, or of pure 
descent from one species?—Garden polyan¬ 
thuses have been evolved by years of patient 
care and selection from Primula variabilis, 
itself a hybrid between a form of the common 
primrose (P. vulgaris) and the cowslip (P. 
officinalis). Rigid selection and high culti¬ 
vation have combined to produce a very 
vigorous race in which there is a wide colour 
’^'’oVERHANGING TREES.—R. W. B., 
Northampton: My neighbour is evidently 
very partial to trees of large growth, for 
some years ago he planted rather freely in 
his garden such kinds as limes, sycamores, 
and elms. As will be readily understood, a 
considerable proportion of them occupy posi¬ 
tions on the boundaries. Several of these 
trees have attained a size that renders them 
a nuisance to me, for their branches hang 
over my garden, and greatly interfere with 
the growth of the various kinds of hardy 
herbaceous plants w ith which the borders are 
planted. I sliall be greatly obliged by your 
advising me w-hat I can do to prevent further 
injury.—The right of owners of gardens that 
are being injured by the overhanging 
branches of trees which are growing outside 
the boundaries is well defined. He can cut 
back the branches of the trees in a line 
with the boundary fence, but not beyond 
that. Instead of doing this without first 
communicating with the owner of the trees 
we would advise yon to call upon him, and in 
a friendly manner explain to him the injury 
that is being done to your garden. If this 
fails, give him formal notice that you shall 
cut back the branches in a line with the 
fence unless he prunes them within a certain 
date. You must not prune any of the 
branches that do not hang over the fence. 
TECOMA RADICANS.—S. E. J., Aberga¬ 
venny : I have seen Tecoma radicans grow n 
in another part of the county as a greenhouse 
plant, but quite recently I was told the 
species was hardy. Please tell me whether 
I was rightly informed, and whether you 
think this fine climber would succeed on a 
south wall.—Tecoma radicans is only hardy 
in favoured localities and in the South. It 
should succeed at Abergavenny if planted 
against a wall having a south exposure, and 
where there is also some shelter from cold 
and cutting winds. 
JAPANESE DWARFED TREES.—Duff- 
town, Wimbledon ; May I ask your assistance 
in the following matter? I received to-day 
four Japanese dwarfed trees, sent ns as a 
present from Japan. The names on the 
labels are Carpinus yedoensis (beech), Tsuga 
Sieboldi (yew), Zelkowa Keaki (elm), and 
Quercus dentata (oak). I should be grateful 
for directions as to their cultivation. The 
oak has made a lot of soft growths, some of 
which are partly mildewed; should they be 
cut off? The plants were packed in moss, 
and so a good deal of soil has been shaken 
from the roots, leaving insufficient to fill the 
pots sent. What material should I use for 
potting, and have I done right in placing the 
plants in a greenhouse that is kept at 45 deg 
during winter? Tlie beech is rather large, 
so should I plant it in a border?—Carpinus 
yMoensis we do not know, but if the generic 
mle is correct it is a hornbeam, not a beech • 
Isuga Sieboldi is not a yew, but a conifer¬ 
ous tree closely allied to the abies; Zelkowa 
Keaki is more correctly Zelkova acuminata 
anfl a very close relative of the elms; Quer- 
cus dentata is probably a form of Q. Cerris, 
“ very fibrous character, and 
Keep them m the greenhouse until rooted 
and recovered from the journey, but lightly 
shade them from sunshine and afford amnle 
ventilation-a cold frame, if deep enough. 
would provide sufficient shelter Durina. 
Slimmer stand the plants out of doors 
see that they do not lack moisture In 
case of the oak, most likely the soft growtl 
made on the journey will prove usek 
therefore in a few weeks’ time, when n 
roots have been made, shorten the branf^'^' 
back to prominent buds, or to where n^i" 
clean growths may have already started I, 
the case of the hornbeam, if you plant it 
it will quickly lose its dwarfed appearanr. 
You had, therefore, better pot it • pinch * 
the growing points occasionally to prev • 
any great extension of branches. 
NAMES OF PLANTS. 
AV. H., High Wycombe.—Saxifraga crae- 
folia. 
R. B .B., Sevenoaks.—1, Ribes sancruine* 
2, Saxifraga apiculata; 3, Rhododendror 
Praecox. 
G. B. C., Saffron Walden.—1, Abies Done, 
Iasi; 2, Cyperus alternifolius; 3, Habrl 
thamnus elegans. 
L. F., Rugby.—1, Tradescantia zebrina •* 
Fittonia Pearcei; 3, Nepenthes Mastersiana ’ 
4, Oncidiiim concolor. 
II. S., Worcester.—1, Miissaenda frondoei 
2, Saccolabium bigibbiim; 3, Galax aphylij; 
4, Deudrobium nobile; 5, D. Wardianum; 
Eucalyptus citriodora. 
THE NURSERY TRADE AND- 
UNDEVELOPED LAND DUTY.' ’ 
At a meeting of the Horticultural .Id- 
visory Committee of the Land Union, a dis¬ 
cussion took place on the Referee’s decision 
in the case (which was brought by the Land 
Union on behalf of its members, Messrs. G#o. 
Jackman and Son), of George Jackman acd 
Son V. The Commissioners of Inland Eevenie, 
in which it was decided that Messrs. G- 
Jackman and Son were liable for Uud<' 
loped Land Duty in respect of land u^d bjy 
them in their business as nurserymen. 
sequent thereto the following resolution " 
“The Nurserymen and Seedsmen oTr ^ 
prising the Horticultural Committee of tbe 
Land Union desire on behalf of the trad* A 
to call attention to the hardship inipoid 
on their industry by the present state of 
the Law in respect of the Undeveloped 
Land Duty as disclosed in the recent carf 
of Jackman and Son v. The Commissioners 
of Inland Revenue. They urge that at 
least so much of their land as is uecessa^ 
used as an adjunct to Glass Houses should 
be exempted from Duty (on the same ba*’^ 
^ the site of the Glass Houses themselves, 
is exempt), and they are of opinion tlilt^ 
the minimum amount required is iu theplf 
portion of 5 to 10 acres of land for erfk 
acre of glass. At the same time, they d<- 
sire to point out that the Duty is .in 
unfair to their trade, as it represents 
annual fine for using their land for tlie . 
purpose of horticulture, although eve^ ^ i 
other trade is wholly exempt under all -.r 
cumstanees, and in spite of the fact J 
some of the trades so favoured 
much less capital and laibour in proporw* ^ 
to the land occupied.” * 
OBITUARY. 
EORD TREDEGAR. 
We learn with regret of the death of ^ 
count Tredegar, which took place id 
gar Park, Newport, Mon. Lord Trc^ 
was one of the few survivors of the 
Brigade that made the famous charge ^ 
Balaclava. He was a large laudownc^^ 
great farmer, and a keen gardener. ^ 
Newport and Cardiff have reason to 
his memory green, as both towns uavc 
ceived from him many benefactions, 
ing parks, sites for churches, etc. ^ 
University College, Cardiff, Lord Trea S ^ 
firave in princely fashion. 
7 ^ 
