25 
Structure of Larvae. 
and which I think will be found to belong to two different 
genera—to Culex proper and another—probably my new genus, 
Steyomyia. Colonel Giles also sends me a figure of the lakva of a 
Stegomyia which resembles Captain James’s species (Fig. 16, III.). 
The tracing of the life-histories will, I hope, be followed out 
by our numerous correspondents abroad, and photos of the 
» 
prepared larvae and drawings from life taken, and the mature 
insects preserved with them, so that no mistakes can arise. In 
this respect we shall hope to receive great assistance from Dr. 
Lutz, who has made such valuable observations on a large 
number of Culicid life-histories. 
Without entering into a minute detailed description and the 
internal structure of the larvae, which, in the case of Culex , can 
be found in Colonel Giles’s book both externally and internally 
treated, the general external characters of the larvae are given 
for the purposes of identification. They can be divided into 
two groups, those with, and those without, a respiratory 
siphon. For still more detail the reader should study Meinert’s 
writings,* and the papers by Nuttall and Shipley, by Grassi, and 
others mentioned in the Bibliography. 
Culex larvae. —-The Culex larvae come in the same group 
with Moshlonyx, Aedes, and Uranotaenia, namely, in the group 
with a respiratory siphon. 
In Culex: (Figs. 15 and 16, II.) the head is very large, but not 
quite so wide as the thorax, and separated from the thorax by a 
distinct groove. On each side is placed a large dark eye, and the 
surface ornamented with dark pigmented spots, which vary in 
different species, and also with patches of small, strong, bristly 
hairs. In the middle of the front of the head will be seen a 
number of bristles which arise from the mouth parts, by means of 
which the food is swept into the mouth. The antennae arise from 
processes near the eyes, and consist of a broad basal joint and a 
minute second joint, the former provided with a small bunch of 
bristles near the base and at the sides, and also with fine short 
spines on the second joint; the last joint ends in several processes, 
one a kind of flagellum, and two other smaller structures of a 
jointed nature, resembling hairs. The eyes are very prominent in 
Culex. The thorax is broader than the head, and much broader 
than any part of the abdomen. It varies in form in the different 
* “Die Eiicepkale Mygelarver,” Vidensk. Selsk. 6. Eaekke, Natur- 
vidensk. og Matkem. Afd. iii. i, 1886. 
