160 
A Monograph of Culicidae. 
Ungues of fore legs unequal, the larger one twice-toothed. 
Length. —2'5 to 3 * 5 mm. 
Habitat. —Freetown, Sierra Leone (Austen) ; Bonny (Fagan) 
(21. 11. 1899)- Lagos (Strachan, August) (99); Salisbury, 
Mashonaland (Marshall); Central Africa (Daniels) ; Mauritius 
(A. D. cle Grandpre) (?). 
Time of capture .—April and October in Mashonaland 
(Marshall). 
Observations .—This seems to be one of the commonest and 
most widely distributed Anopheles in Africa, evidently occurring 
over the whole of Central Africa and the West Coast. Loew 
described it from Caffraria. According to Mr. Austen, the larvae 
are found in roadside puddles and also in puddles in the streets 
of Freetown. It also occurs in abundance in similar places at 
Lagos. 
This species seems to be one the chief agents in spreading 
malaria on the West Coast of Africa. Dr. Daniels * says “ it is 
found on the Zambesi and Lower Shire rivers, and in the northern 
part of Lake Xyassa, but he failed to detect it in the Shire 
Highlands and Upper Shire rivers. On the Uganda Railway it 
was found in places up to a height of 3000 feet. It is not 
found so abundantly in houses as A. funcstus, even where, as at 
the north end of Lake Nyassa, the larvae are abundant, nor does 
it remain in the house in the same wav. The larvae are often 
found with those of A. funesius, but it is also found alone in more 
stagnant water. It was one of the mosquitoes found in a tub 
on the sea coast at Chincle, at the' mouth of the Zambesi. In 
some places this mosquito may be of importance, but as regards 
the interior (of Africa) it can be jonly of minor importance as 
compared with the A. funestus.” 
I have not seen any Anopheles from Mauritius, but A. Daruty 
cle Grandpre, Superintendent of the Museum, says j there are 
three Anopheles found on the Island, and that “ one of the 
smallest of these is very seldom found in elevated places, and has 
the same area of dispersion as malaria in Mauritius; this one has 
proved to be Anopheles costalis. The other species—the biggest 
one only fomicl in elevated places—are very seldom met with 
on the seashore where malaria prevails. The smallest species of 
Anopheles (A. costalis) only begin to make their appearance in 
numbers in November and December. These species rarely 
* R. S. E. Reports tc Mai. Com. Prd se. p. 35, 1900. 
f An. Report Mas. Colony Mauritius, p. 4, 1898-99. 
