198 
A Monograph of Culicidae. 
golden-brown hairs. Legs brown, ungues of the fore legs un¬ 
equal, the larger with a prominent median tooth and a small 
blunt basal one ; mid and hind ungues equal and simple. 
Wings with the first sub-marginal cell much longer and 
narrower than the second posterior cell, its base much nearer the 
base of the wing than the base of the latter, its stem equal to 
about two-thirds of its length ; stem of the second posterior cell a 
little longer than the cell; mid cross-vein nearer the apex of the 
wing than the supernumerary cross-vein ; posterior cross-vein not 
quite its own length distant from the mid. 
Length .—6 mm. 
Habitat. —Europe, from Lapland to Italy and islands in the 
Mediterranean. 
Time of cijoj)earance .—In England in April and May. 
Observations .—This species resembles somewhat a worn 
A. maculipennis, but they can be separated by the slight 
difference in the venation ; in this species the bases of the fork- 
cells are wddely separate, whilst in A. maculipennis they are not 
far apart; the posterior cross-vein is parallel with the mid cross¬ 
vein, thus differing fromhhe spotted-winged species. 
Its nearest relative is A. Walked, mihi, which, however, 
differs in head ornamentation and in the venation, as shown in 
Figure 60. 
The 9” attacks human beings and is very persistent in 
sucking out the blood ; it is much fiercer than the more common 
A. maculipennis. Eicalbi figures the £ ungues of the fore feet as 
tridentate. I fail to detect more than two teeth in the large 
claw, one tooth large and median, another small, blunt, and 
basal. It is possible that Ficalbi is dealing with another species 
and not Linnaeus’ A. bifurcatus. 
A. bifurcatus is rather difficult to catch on the wing. It 
remains some time attached to the per son sucking blood, and may 
then be easily caught. Malarial parasites are known to develop 
in this species in Italy. I have chiefly found it in the neighbour¬ 
hood of woods. The larvae are found in the winter ; I have 
found them in rain barrels, and have hatched them out in April 
during the present year, but some larvae existed until May. 
The f is described from a specimen sent with the 9 to me 
by Dr. RTuttall from Cambridgeshire. 
Synonymy .—I think there is no doubt that Fabricius’ A. tri- 
furcatus is A. bifurcatus, and also Meigen’s dodger of 1804. 
Robineau Desvoidy’s A. viltosus was probably a specimen of 
