ICX3 
EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN. 
After we had crossed the Kugart pass, in the Fergaua range, and descended 
into the valley of the (eastern) Kugart-sn, another finely developed system of 
terraces was fomid. The main and branch 
valleys here, below the torrential head- 
waters, were eroded in a broad basin of 
tilted conglomerates that probabl}- belong 
with the Narin fonnation. The spurs 
of the conglomerate hills rose above the 
highest terrace (fig. 67). Here and else- 
Fig. 66.— One-mile section of Gorge in the (western) Kugart where the bills and spurS Were dissectcd 
Valley, looking northeast. , , , , . , ,, 
by rather close-spaced ravines, and tlie 
slopes were beautifully graded. The terrace plain ascended with a rather strong 
gradient into the embayments between the spurs. In such a case it is evident that 
the material of the terrace was deri\-ed from the side vallevs as well as from the 
Fig. 67. — Upper Terrace of the (eastern) Kugart, near the Kirghiz Bridge, looking southwest. Dissected hills 
and spurs of tilted older conglomerates in the background. 
main valley. The stream has intrenched itself 225 feet below the upper terrace 
plain at the Kirghiz bridge, carving se\-eral terrace benches in the process. The 
upper terrace plain and the stronger terrace benches continue for 10 or 12 miles 
northward toward the Narin Valley. A mile upstream, south, from the rude 
Kirghiz bridge by which we crossed the ri\-er, a westward swing of its course 
