114 EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN. 
NOTES ON ARCHEOLOGY. 
Brief mention has already been made of the mins and mounds on the plains. 
They arc fnrthcr considered in reports by other members of the expedition. The 
following notes concern localities that were visited on the jomney from Andizhan 
to Issik Knl. 
MOUND.S ON THE (EASTERN) KUGART TERRACE. 
Near the tenninal mass of the great landslide of the (eastern) Kngart, on the 
high terrace plain over the Kirghiz bridge, we saw 20 to 30 small mounds, from 
20 to 25 feet in diameter and from 3 to 5 feet high, made mostly of earth, with 
cobbles from the terrrace and small angular blocks from the landslide. Smaller 
mounds, from 5 to 8 feet in diameter and 4 feet in height, were made wholly of 
stones. No chipped stones were found near them. No such mounds as these were 
seen in the summer camps of the Kirghiz, and hence we ascribe them to some 
earlier people. 
STONE CIRCLES NEAR SON KDL. 
On the gently inclined piedmont slopes that descend to the OO^ 
southeast shore of Son Kul, a mile or more from the lake, we found Q. 
a row of stone circles. Our guide said they marked the camp of ^° 
a powerful khan who iised to occupy this district, but the Kirghiz ^^ o_ 
are not to be trusted in such matters. The circles were nine in § a5 
number, unevenly spaced, but set on a nearl}- north and south line, /« 
bearing N. 8° W. magnetic. They are 11 or 12 feet in diameter, o<^ 
each one containing eight stones from 3 to 5 feet in diameter, all O^O s? 
of granite from the mountains a mile or more to the south. 9s 
The fourth and eighth circles have been disturbed. The general qq _Q 
arrangement of the stones is indicated in fig. 79, which shows the Q n "^ 
lateral displacement of the fourth and fifth circles, and indicates '^ •*'' 
the distance between the successive circles, as determined by pacing. ^ Q 
A standing stone, rising 4 feet above the ground, is set in a O*^ as 
15-foot circle of small stones, 60 feet east of the ninth circle. o* *^ 
North or northeast of the row of circles, 28 small gravel mounds ^c5^°'''' 
occur within a few hundred feet, and a 5-foot standing stone is O OO 
seen by the trail 500 or 600 feet to the west. A mile or more to ^ O 
42 
the east there are several earth mounds, 5 or 6 feet high and from i^^'Zi 
30 to 50 feet in diameter. Four of them are nearly on a N. 12° W. '^o cp^ 
(magnetic) line. The others are placed irregularl)-. No chipped p. ^g _sione C 
stones or flakes were found by anj- of the circles or mounds. Two near Lake Son Kul. 
standing stones on a mound on the plain northeast of Son Kul b^tt^n'the arel^u 
have human faces rudelv carved in outline on a flat surface. Regel indicated in figures on 
,,._..,' the right. 
makes mention of similar monuments (1879, 414). 
