ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM ADOPTED IN THE PRESENT WORK, XX1X 
suspended. Flowers appearing by threes in a 
eleft of the frond, surrounded moe spathe, uni- 
sexual. Perianth 0. Stamen 1. Ovary 1-2. 
celled. QOvule 1, erect in each cell, Albumen 0. 
(p. 288, et Suppl.) 
XOVI. Scitaminez. Herbs, occasionally trees. 
Leaf-veins usually pinnate. Flowers irregular, 
with 1 to 5 perfect stamens, the remainder of the 
normal 6 being petal-like and barren or wanting. 
Ovary inferior, Seed albuminous. (p. 288.) 
XCVII. Orchidez. Herbs or undershrubs. 
Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth of 6 leaflets in 
2 whorls, very irregular. Anthers 1 or 2, sessile 
in astigmatiferous column. Ovary l-celled. Em- 
bryo homogeneous. (p. 293.) 
XCVIIl. Amaryllidez. Herbs, generally 
bulbous, rarely fibrous-rooted, or with woody stem. 
Flowers hermaphrodite, Perianth regular, of 6 
segments, usually petal-like. Stamens 6. Ovary 
inferior, 3-celled, 1-co-oyuled. Seeds albuminous. 
(p. 805.) 
XCIX. Dioscorez. Twining shrubs, with 
large tubers, either above or below the ground. 
Flowers unisexual. Ovary inferior, 3-celled, cells 
with 1-2 ovules. Seed albuminous. (p. 305.) 
C. Smilaceze. Twining plants, with tendrils 
and sometimes fleshy tubers. Leaves reticulated. 
Flowers bisexual or polygamous. Perianth regu- 
lar, of 6 segments. Stamens usually 6, rarely 3 or 
co. Ovary superior, 3-celled, cells 1-cc-ovuled. 
Seed albuminous. (p. 309.) 
OI. Liliacez. Herbs, with creeping bulbous 
or clustered root-stock, rarely shrubs or trees. 
Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Perianth regular, 
all petal-like. Stamens 6. Ovary superior, 3- 
celled, cells 1, several in each cell. Seed albumi- 
nous. (p. 310.) 
CII. Commelynaceze. Herbs, leaves usually 
sheathing at base. Perianth slightly irregular, the 
inner segments very delicate, petal-like, the outer 
more herbaceous, Stamens 6 or fewer. Ovary 
superior, 8- or 2-celled, Embryo on the edge of 
the albumen. (p. 313.) 
CIII. Juncacez. Herbs. Flowers herma- 
phrodite. Perianth regular, of 6 dry brown lan- 
ceolate leaflets. Stamens 3 or6, Ovary superior, 
1. or 8-celled. (p. 314.) 
CIV. Cyperacez. Herbs, with leaf-sheath 
entire. Perianth 0, or of bristles or minute scales. 
Stamens 1-12, anthers terminal, 2-celled. Ovary 
1-celled, 1-ovuled. Pericarp coriaceous. Embryo 
at the base of the albumen. (p. 315.) 
CV. Graminez. Herbs shrubs or tree-like 
shrubs. Culms fistular, jointed. Leaves sheath- 
ing, sheaths split to the base. Perianth 0 or of 2 
minute scales, Stamens usually 3, rarely more or 
fewer, Anthers versatile. Ovary 1-celled, 1- 
ovuled, Pericarp membranaceous, adhering firmly 
to the seed. Embryo at the side of the base of the 
albumen. (p. 820.) 
Crass IIT. ACOTYLEDONS. 
Plants cellular or vascular, without true sta- 
men, pistils, or ovules. Organs of fructification 
often minute, giving origin to microscopic 
spores, by which the species are propagated. 
Spores germinating by microscopic threads, or 
by a prothallium. Fecundation (where known) 
effectuated by spermatozoids (not by pollen 
grains). 
Sunctass I. ACROGENS., 
Plants usually furnished with distinet stem and 
leaves, the latter symmetrically arranged. Stems 
usually dichotomously branched, sometimes re- 
duced to simple fronds or membranous green ex- 
pansions, then furnished with a midrib. Fructi- 
Jication various. 
OVI, Lycopodiaceze. Plants never aquatic. 
Vernation somewhat circinate. Stem elongate, 
erect, creeping or pendulous. Leaves imbricate 
all round or 2- or 4-stichous, usually small, flat or 
subulate. Fructification of capsules, which are 
axillary in the upper leayes or in the scales of a 
cone, sessile, 1-3-celled, bursting by 2 or 3 valves, 
full of microscopic spores marked by 3 radiating 
lines. (p. 327.) 
OVII. Filices. Plants rarely aquatic. Ver- 
nation usually circinate, Stem of cellular tissue 
traversed by spirally marked vessels, often collec- 
ted into hard woody bundles, Fructification of 
very minute capsules full of microscopic spores, 
situated on the under surface of the frond, or on 
separate branches of the frond, rarely of larger cap- 
sules, confluent under the under-surface of the 
frond or collected spikes. (p. 331.) 
Equisetacez. Plants rarely aquatic. Leaves 
reduced to a membranous sheath. Stem striated, 
articulated, fistular, chiefly consisting of cellular 
substance, but strengthened with tracts of hard 
woody tubes. Spiral vessels small, but abundant. 
Spore-cases borne on peltate scales, splitting on one 
side, without operculum, and with elaters to every 
spore, (This small order dropped out of its 
place in the making up of the sheets, and has been 
placed at the end, p. 423). 
CVIIF. Musci. Erect or creeping,small, usually 
terrestrial plants, with distinct stem and leaves, 
without spirally marked vessels. Leaves always 
small, usually with a midrib. Fructification of 2 
kinds; 1, more or less obovoid or oyoid, brown, 
sessile or stalked, erect or drooping capsules, which 
open by a lid, or rarely 4 lateral slits or not at all, 
and contain minute spores; 2, minute cylindric 
