82. 
83. 
84. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), WILDLIFE VIEWING, 
TOURISM, COASTAL ZONES, WILDLIFE MANAGE- 
MENT, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, SEABIRDS 
Cobus, M. 1972. Moose as an aesthetic 
resource and their summer feeding be- 
havior. Am. Moose Conf. Workshop 8: 
244-273. 
A moose herd in Sibley Provincial 
Park, Ontario, is described as an ap- 
preciative resource used by many camp- 
ers who go there specifically to view 
moose. Responses of moose to the 
presence of humans and aspects of the 
resource users are discussed. 
CAMPING, TOURISM, WILDLIFE VIEWING, 
LAKES, FORESTS, FLIGHT DISTANCE, CANA- 
DIAN PROVINCIAL PARKS, MOOSE 
Cole, G. F. 1971. Preservation and 
management of grizzly bears in Yellow- 
stone National Park. BioScience 21: 
858-864. 
General information is presented con- 
cerning numbers of grizzly bears and 
their relationships with humans’ in 
Yellowstone National Park. Conclu- 
sions are made concerning preservation 
of the bear population, elimination of 
unnatural food sources, transplanting 
troublesome bears, and management ac-~ 
tions which could reduce hazards to 
park visitors and minimize the need to 
control bears. 
CAMPING, HIKING, HARASSMENT, TOURISM, 
WILDLIFE VIEWING, FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH 
AND SAFETY, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED 
SPECIES, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, RECREATION 
MANAGEMENT, U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, GRIZZLY 
BEAR 
Cole, G. F. 1973. Management involving 
grizzly bears in Yellowstone National 
Park 1970-1972. U.S. Natl. Park Serv. 
Nat. Resour. Rep. 7. 11 pp. 
Management to maintain the’ grizzly 
bear population under natural condi- 
tions and reduce bear injuries to hu- 
mans was evaluated. Eliminating un- 
natural food sources and controlling 
bears resulted in reducing visitor in- 
juries in developed park areas, and 
fewer bears using developed areas and 
warranting control. Most injuries 
from bears in backcountry seem to be 
preventable with accurate knowledge of 
18 
85. 
86. 
87. 
female grizzly locations and appropri- 
ate control of hiking and camping. 
CAMPING, HIKING, TOURISM, WILDLIFE VIEW- 
ING, FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFETY, 
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, REC- 
REATION MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, 
GRIZZLY BEAR 
Cole, G. F. 1974. Management involving 
grizzly bears and humans in Yellow- 
stone National Park, 1970-1973. Bio- 
Science 24: 335-338. 
A management program to reduce griz- 
Zly-induced injuries to humans= and 
maintain more natural bear populations 
is evaluated. Data indicate that in- 
jury rates are reduced from previous 
levels, and that management has con- 
tributed toward restoring the grizzly 
population to more natural conditions. 
Yearly production of young is still 
adequate to replenish the population. 
CAMPING, HIKING, FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH 
AND SAFETY, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED 
SPECIES, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE 
MANAGEMENT, U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, GRIZZLY 
BEAR 
Cole, G. F. 1976. Management involving 
grizzly and black bears in Yellowstone 
National Park 1970-1975. U.S. Natl. 
Park Serv. Nat. Resour. Rep. 9. 26 
pp. 
Management to maintain grizzly and 
black bear populations under natural 
conditions and reduce bear injuries to 
humans is evaluated. Management in- 
volved eliminating unnatural food 
sources, controlling problem bears, 
regulating camping and hiking, and in- 
forming park visitors concerning pre- 
cautions and the consequences of feed- 
ing bears. Data on injuries and bear 
populations indicate that management 
has been successful. 
CAMPING, HIKING, TOURISM, WILDLIFE VIEW- 
ING, FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFETY, 
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, REC- 
REATION MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, 
U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, GRIZZLY BEAR, BLACK 
BEAR 
Cole, G. F. 1976. Progress in restor- 
ing a natural grizzly bear population 
in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 
183-193 in Research in the parks: 
