98. 
99, 
habitat in the Yellowstone region. 
Bear Biol. Assoc. Monogr. Ser. 1. 20 
Pp. 
Results of studies of grizzly bear 
ecology in and near Yellowstone Na- 
tional Park are reported, with an aim 
to the delineation of critical bear 
‘habitat. Interaction and competition 
between bears and man are described. 
Competition for space and habitat jis 
becoming more severe as visitation in- 
creases and backcountry travel becomes 
more popular. In order to adapt man's 
activities to the presence of bears, 
management agencies must develop pro- 
cedures to minimize competition be- 
tween bears and man for space and hab- 
jtat. 
CAMPING, HIKING, TOURISM, FORESTS, HUMAN 
HEALTH AND SAFETY, RECREATION MANAGE- 
MENT, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, 
U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, GRIZZLY BEAR 
Craighead, J. J., and F. C. Craighead, 
Jr. 1971. Grizzly bear-man relation- 
ships in Yellowstone National Park. 
BioScience 21: 845-857. 
Results are reported of 12 years of 
research on grizzly bears and their 
relationships with man in Yellowstone 
National Park and surrounding national 
forests. The chance of injury from 
grizzly bears is very small, but griz- 
zly attacks provide exciting news and 
generate an exaggerated public re- 
sponse, which in turn may initiate 
over-reactionary bear control measures 
harmful to bear-human coexistence. 
Management must be tailored to the 
facts of bear behavior, while visitors 
must be willing to accept a small 
risk. 
CAMPING, HIKING, HARASSMENT, TOURISM, 
WILDLIFE VIEWING, FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH 
AND SAFETY, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED 
SPECIES, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE 
MANAGEMENT, U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, U.S. 
NATIONAL FORESTS, GRIZZLY BEAR 
Cronan, J. M., Or. 1957. Food and 
feeding habits of the scaups in Con- 
necticut waters. Auk 74:459-468. 
During studies of greater and lesser 
scaups along the Connecticut coast, 
human activity was observed to exert 
strong effects on scaup feeding activ- 
ity. Many feeding areas were not used 
2] 
100. 
101. 
102. 
when boating and off-shore’ fishing 
were taking place. During mid-winter, 
human activity along the shore appar- 
ently kept scaups from using normal 
feeding areas. 
BOATING, FISHING, DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), 
COASTAL ZONES, GREATER SCAUP, LESSER 
SCAUP 
Davids, R. C. 1978. Polar bears aren't 
pets, but this town is learning how to 
live with them. Smithsonian 8(11):/0- 
vo. 
This nontechnical article describes 
the biology and behavior of polar 
bears and reports problems of their 
presence near Churchill, Manitoba. 
Despite the dangers polar bears pose 
to town residents, citizens prefer to 
coexist with the bears. Plans for or- 
ganized viewing of the bears and man- 
agement actions to prevent human in- 
jury are discussed. 
HARASSMENT, TOURISM, WILDLIFE VIEWING, 
COASTAL ZONES, TUNDRA, URBAN ZONES, HU- 
MAN HEALTH AND SAFETY, WILDLIFE MANAGE- 
MENT, POLAR BEAR 
Day, G. I. 1971. Statewide investiga- 
tions project: Javelina activity pat- 
terns. Ariz. Game Fish Dept. Project 
W-078-R-15/WP02/J09. 9 pp. (MIN 027- 
381147). 
In studies of telemetered javelina 
(collared peccaries) in Arizona, the 
presence of humans and _  four-wheel- 
drive vehicles had pronounced effects 
on javelina herd behavior. The herds 
studied were believed to be under fre- 
quent stress in winter from human dis- 
turbance. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), 
CLES, U.S. STATE PARKS AND LANDS, 
LARED PECCARY 
OFF-ROAD VEHI- 
COL- 
Day, G. I. 1973. Statewide investiga- 
tions: Javelina activity patterns. 
Ariz. Game Fish Dept. Project W-0/78-R- 
17/WP02/J09. 5 pp. (MIN 027680082). 
Accidental and deliberate harassment 
of javelina (collared peccary) herds 
by various human activities had no ob- 
servable adverse effects on the herds. 
After each disturbance the herds ap- 
peared to become increasingly wary. 
