110. 
lil. 
12: 
The author comments on the role of hu- 
man disturbance in the decline of 
North American peregrine falcon popu- 
lations. Continent-wide protection of 
falcons is urged as a step toward the 
preservation and ultimate recovery of 
peregrine falcons. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), THREATENED AND 
ENDANGERED SPECIES, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, 
PEREGRINE FALCON 
DeMarchi, R. 1975. Report and recom- 
mendations of the workshop on Califor- 
nia bighorn sheep. Pages 143-163 in 
J. B. Trefethen, ed. The wild sheep 
in modern North America. Boone and 
Crockett Club and the Winchester 
Press, New York, N.Y. 
Objectives and procedures for manage- 
ment of California bighorn sheep for 
consumptive and nonconsumptive’ uses 
are described. Protection of bighorn 
sheep includes regulating off-road ve- 
hicles and human activities such as 
hiking, camping, picnicking, and 
Sightseeing. Nonconsumptive recrea- 
tional uses of bighorn sheep are rec~ 
ognized as valuable and important man- 
agement criteria. 
CAMPING, CLIMBING, HIKING, OFF-ROAD VE- 
HICLES, WILDLIFE VIEWING, WILDLIFE MAN- 
AGEMENT, BIGHORN SHEEP 
Denniston, R. H. 1956. Ecology, behav- 
jor and population dynamics of the 
Wyoming or Rocky Mountain moose, Alces 
alces shirasi. Zoologica 41:105-118. 

This report of ecological studies of 
moose in Wyoming includes sections on 
man-moose interactions. Moose were 
found to be tolerant of close observ- 
ers when no quick motions or loud 
noises were made. Cases of moose ag- 
gression toward people and automobiles 
are noted. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), FORESTS, HUMAN 
HEALTH AND SAFETY, FLIGHT DISTANCE, U.S. 
NATIONAL PARKS, MOOSE 
DesGranges, J. L., and A. Reed. 1981. 
Disturbance and control of selected 
colonies of double-crested cormorants 
in Quebec. Colon. Waterbirds 4:12-19. 
Double-crested cormorants nesting in 
mixed colonies with gulls in the St, 
LAS: 
114. 
115. 
Lawrence estuary were subjected to 
various disturbances. Visits to colo- 
nies by investigators resulted in sig- 
nificant losses of eggs and young to 
gull predation. Nests near the colony 
peripheries and those containing no 
hatched young suffered the greatest 
losses. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), RESEARCH IMPACTS, 
COASTAL ZONES, PREDATION, WILDLIFE MAN- 
AGEMENT, DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANT, GULLS 
Dey, N. H. 1960. Statwide waterfowl 
management study: Color marking and 
field observation of Canada geese to 
determine breeding territorialism, 
family organization, and population 
dynamics. Utah Wildl. Resour. Div. 
Project W-029-R-14/WPG/JOL. 8 pp. 
(MIN 437480118). 
During population studies of nesting 
Canada geese in Utah, responses of 
geese to human disturbance were noted. 
Some nest desertions appeared to be 
caused by disturbance, but it is un- 
clear whether the abandonments were 
related to the presence of the re- 
searchers or to low-flying aircraft 
from a nearby Air Force base. 
RESEARCH IMPACTS, HARASSMENT, WETLANDS, 
LAKES, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, CANADA GOOSE 
Ditton, R. B., D. J. Schmidly, W. Jd. 
Boeer, and A. R. Graefe. 1977. A 
survey and analysis of recreational 
and livestock impact on the riparian 
zone of the Rio Grande in Big Bend Na- 
tional Park. Pages 256-266 in Pro- 
ceedings: River Recreation Management 
and Research Symposium, 24-27 January 
1977, Minneapolis, Minn. U.S. For. 
Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-28. 
Visitor usage patterns, biological 
conditions, and recreational impact 
parameters were measured over a 1lé2- 
month period. Use levels and impact 
were strongly correlated, but recrea- 
tional impact was not significantly 
related to biological health of the 
area as indicated by rodent fauna and 
vegetation. 
BOATING, CAMPING, DESERTS, RIVERS, U.S. 
NATIONAL PARKS, RODENTS 
Doan, K. H. 1970. Effect of snowmo- 
biles on fish and wildlife resources. 
