330. 
331. 
332, 
Miller, F. L. 1978. Interactions be- 
tween men, dogs and wolves on Western 
Queen Elizabeth Islands, Northwest 
Territories, Canada. Musk-Ox 22:70- 
72. 
Observations of wolves with humans and 
dogs at remote sites in northern Cana- 
da and implications for the survival 
of wolves are discussed. Many arctic 
wolves are fearless of man, and while 
wolves pose no danger to humans they 
are sometimes shot out of fear and ig- 
norance when they approach humans. 
Recent declines in prey species and 
expanding developments contribute to 
wolves feeding on garbage, increasing 
the frequency of interactions with 
man. 
HARASSMENT, TUNDRA, COASTAL ZONES, HUMAN 
HEALTH AND SAFETY, FLIGHT DISTANCE, 
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, GRAY 
WOLF 
Mills, H. 1977. Osprey feeding prob- 
lems on the New Jersey coast. Pages 
105-108 in J. C. Ogden, ed. Transac~ 
tions of the North American Osprey Re- 
search Conference, 10-12 February 
1972, Williamsburg, Va. U.S. Natl. 
Park Serv. Trans. Proc. Ser. 2. 
Observations and notes concerning os- 
preys in southern New Jersey are pro- 
vided. Declines in populations and 
reproductive rates are documented; 
reasons for declines are discussed. 
Various kinds of serious disturbance 
by humans have hastened the decline of 
ospreys. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), WILDLIFE VIEWING, 
COASTAL ZONES, OSPREY 
Moen, A. N. 1976. Energy conservation 
by white-tailed deer in the winter. 
Ecology 57:192-198. 
The importance of various energy stra- 
tegies are considered for a herd of 
white-tailed deer in Minnesota. In 
winter, deer conserved energy behav- 
iorally, increasing activity during 
warmer weather.. Unnecessary deer 
losses may be prevented by minimizing 
wintertime disturbances such as ha- 
rassment by snowmobiles. 
OFF-ROAD VEHICLES, SKIING, 
FORESTS, WHITE-TAILED DEER 
HARASSMENT , 
6] 
3332 
334. 
335. 
Mohr, CC. E. 1972. The status of 
threatened species of cave-dwelling 
bats. Bull. Natl. Speleol. Soc. 34: 
33-47. 
Reductions of insectivorous bat popu- 
lations have recently reached alarming 
proportions. Disturbance by scien- 
tists engaged in research activities, 
and inadvertent disturbance by spe- 
Junkers, have been identified as fac- 
tors in declines. Conservation pro- 
posals include regulation of visita- 
tion to bat caves by scientists and 
spelunkers, and enactment of legisla- 
tion for the protection of bats. 
SPELUNKING, HARASSMENT, RESEARCH  IM- 
PACTS, TOURISM, REVIEW, HUMAN HEALTH AND 
SAFETY, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPE- 
CIES, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, U.S. STATE 
PARKS AND LANDS, BATS, BRAZILIAN FREE- 
TAILED BAT 
Mohr, -€. &. TOS: The status of 
threatened species of cave-dwelling 
bats. Natl. Speleol. Soc. News 31 
(12): 216. 
Alarming reductions in bat populations 
throughout the United States and the 
role of human disturbance in mortality 
of bats are described in this nontech- 
nical article. Inadvertent distur- 
bances by spelunkers and researchers 
may arouse hibernating bats, causing 
them to consume vital energy stores, 
and increase the rates of accidental 
jnjury and death to young bats loosed 
from precarious perches. Conservation 
efforts are discussed. 
SPELUNKING, RESEARCH IMPACTS, PREDATION, 
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, REC- 
REATION MANAGEMENT, BATS, TOWNSEND'S 
BIG-EARED BAT, INDIANA BAT, GRAY BAT 
Mohr, C. E. 1976. The world of the 
bat. Living World Books, Lippincott 
Co., Philadelphia, Pa. and New York, 
N.Y. 162 pp. 
This nontechnical book includes a 
chapter entitled "Bats and man", de- 
scribing bat-human interactions. Con- 
trol of nuisance bats is warranted in 
some instances, but the increasing 
disturbance of hibernating colonies by 
recreational spelunkers and research- 
ers has critically reduced many popu- 
lations of bats and especially threat- 
en sensitive endangered species such 
as the Indiana bat. 
