360. 
361. 
wards a new relationship of man and 
nature in temperate lands. Part 1: 
Ecological impact of recreation and 
tourism upon temperate environments. 
IUCN Tenth Technical Meeting, 26-30 
June 1966, Lucerne, Switzerland. IUCN 
Publ. New Ser. 7, Morges, Switzerland. 
Camping has become a major part of 
tourism and recreation in- recent 
years. Many modern campers seek only 
inexpensive vacations or overnight ac- 
commodations, harboring little inter- 
est in nature. Terrain damage, soil 
and water pollution, and disruption of 
peripheral natural habitats are fre- 
quent results of excessive camping 
pressure. Wildlife can be exposed to 
harmful substances in trash and debris 
left at campsites, or suffer harass-~ 
ment from campers or their pets. 
CAMPING, TOURISM, HARASSMENT, RECREATION 
MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE (GENERAL) 
Noble, L. B. 1972. Man and grizzly 
bear in Banff National Park, Alberta. 
M.A. Thesis. University of Calgary, 
Alberta. 119 pp. 
The influence of man's activities on 
grizzly bears in Banff National Park 
was studied from the literature, field 
observations, and interviews with park 
managers and residents. Since 1940 
grizzlies have become common in some 
areas of the park, although the evi- 
dence suggests that heavy recreational 
use since that time may have affected 
bear populations. Improper garbage 
disposal has attracted grizzlies to 
areas of high human use, increasing 
the risk of man-bear incidents. 
HIKING, CAMPING, WILDLIFE VIEWING, TOUR- 
ISM, FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFETY, 
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, REC- 
REATION MANAGEMENT, CANADIAN NATIONAL 
PARKS, GRIZZLY BEAR 
Norman, R. K., and D. R. Saunders. 1969. 
Status of little terns in Great Brit- 
ain and Ireland in 1967. Br. Birds 
62:4-13. 
Increasing pressures on little tern 
(least tern) colonies in Great Britain 
and Ireland pose a major threat to an 
already declining population. Human 
disturbance appears to be the most 
significant factor in known’ colony 
declines. Picnicking, boating, and 
66 
362. 
363. 
364. 
fishing, as well as deliberate harass- 
ment and vandalism, contribute to dis- 
turbance of least terns along sea- 
coasts. Protection measures must in- 
volve restriction of human activity 
and thus depend on public education. 
CAMPING, SWIMMING, PICNICKING, HIKING, 
BOATING, HARASSMENT, RESEARCH IMPACTS, 
COASTAL ZONES, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, 
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, LEAST TERN 
Norris-Elye, L. T. S. 1951. The black 
bear as a predator of man. J. Mammal. 
32: 222-223. 
An instance of an apparently unprovok- 
ed attack by a black bear upon 3 smal] 
children in Manitoba jis described. 
While the children were left unattend- 
ed in a cabin, the bear entered and 
carried a seven-year-old girl into 
nearby bushes, where it killed her and 
fed on parts of the body. The bear 
remained in the area until killed. 
FORESTS, HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFETY, BLACK 
BEAR 
Noyes, J. H., and D. R. Progulske, eds. 
1974. A symposium on wildlife in an 
urbanizing environment. Holdsworth 
Natural Resources Center, Amherst, 
Mass., Plann. Resour. Develop. Ser. 
28. 128 pp. 
This report contains 33 papers on ur- 
ban wildlife, from a symposium in 
Springfield, Mass., 27-29 November 
1973. Topics covered include loss of 
wildlife habitat through urbanization, 
management of urban wildlife, and hu- 
man-wildlife conflicts in urban areas. 
URBAN ZONES, WILDLIFE VIEWING, WILDLIFE 
MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE (GENERAL) 
Ogden, J. C. 1978. Status and nesting 
biology of the American crocodile, 
Crocodylus acutus, (Reptilia, Croco- 
dilidae) in Florida. J. Herpetol. 12: 
183-196. 

The most important factor limiting 
populations of the American crocodile 
in Florida appears to be human activi- 
ties, including shooting, disturbance 
to animals, and habitat loss through 
development. It is suggested that 
human-caused mortality of adult croco- 
diles may equal or exceed recruitment 
