416. 
4l/. 
41g. 
little impact on these’ biological 
parameters. Management implications 
of the study are discussed. 
BOATING, CAMPING, RIVERS, DESERTS, 
RANGELAND, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, U.S. 
NATIONAL PARKS, RODENTS 
Schmidly, D. J., and R. B. Ditton. 1979. 
Relating human activities and biologi- 
cal resources in riparian habitats of 
western Texas. Pages 107-116 in Stra- 
tegies for protection and management 
of floodplain wetlands and other ri- 
parian ecosystems. Proceedings of the 
Symposium, 11-13 December 1978, Calla- 
way Gardens, Ga. U.S. For. Serv. Gen. 
Tech. Rep. WO-12. 
Recreational and wildlife values of 
riparian habitats along the Rio Grande 
in Texas are discussed. Human im- 
pacts, including recreational activi- 
ties of boating and camping, are re- 
ported and discussed in terms of land 
use. 
BOATING, CAMPING, DESERTS, RIVERS, REC- 
REATION MANAGEMENT, U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, 
WILDLIFE (GENERAL ) 
Schnell, J. H. 1979. Habitat manage- 
ment series for unique or endangered 
species, report no. 18: Black hawk 
(Buteogallus anthracinus). U.S. Bur. 
Land Manage. Tech. Note 329. 25 pp. 
Information on the status, life his- 
tory, and habitat of the black hawk is 
reviewed. Human disturbance from rec- 
reationists is not a widespread factor 
at present but probably will seriously 
affect black hawk populations in the 
future as recreational demand = in- 
creases. Peak human use of riparian 
habitats often coincides with the most 
critical hawk nesting stages; premium 
nest site locations are often favored 
by recreationists as well. Control of 
human disturbance by active management 
is recommended. 
CAMPING, HIKING, TOURISM, DESERTS, 
RANGELAND, RIVERS, RECREATION MANAGE- 
MENT, U.S. BLM LANDS, BLACK HAWK 
Schoenfeld, C. A., and J. C. Hendee. 
1978. Wildlife management in wilder- 
ness. Wildlife Management Institute 
and Boxwood Press, Pacific Grove, 
Calif. LA2 pp. 
76 
419. 
420. 
A section on people-wildlife conflicts 
describes potential impacts on wild- 
life from increasing recreationa! use 
of wilderness areas. Frequently used 
campsites may attract animals that be~ 
come habitual scroungers of garbade , 
more subtle impacts include anima's 
forced from home ranges and harassed 
by recreationists. Dangerous animals 
also threaten the safety of humans. 
Decisions concerning how to as well as 
whether to make wilderness sajte ‘or 
visitors must be faced by wiiderness 
managers. 
BOATING, CAMPING, HARASSMENT, HIKING 
HORSEBACK RIDING, OFF-ROAD VERICLE: 
WILDLIFE VIEWING, HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFE- 
TY, FLIGHT DISTANCE, RECREATION MANAGE- 
MENT, WILDLIFE MANAGEMEN?, THREATENEL 
AND ENDANGERED SPECIES, WILDLIFE (GENEK~ 
AL) 
Schreiber, R. W. 
the brown pelican. 
147:111-123. 
1975. Bad days yor 
Nat]. Geogr. Mag 
Once abundant along much of the warme} 
United States coastline, brown peli- 
cans have been greatly reduced jn num~ 
bers and face an uncertain future ever 
in Florida, the pelicans’ last L.s 
stronghold. While birds are beginning 
to recover from the apparent effects 
of chemical contaminants, disturbance 
to colonies and entanglement of birds 
in fishing gear pose continually !n- 
creasing threats to this endangered 
species. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), FISHING, COASTAL 
ZONES, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPE- 
CIES, BROWN PELICAN 
Schreiber, R. W. 1979. Reproductive 
performance of the eastern brown pe!) 
can, Pelecanus occidentalis. Naw. 
Hist. Mus. Los Ang. Cty. Contrib. Sci 
317. 43 pp. 
Effects of investigator disturbance 
were eValuated during studies of brown 
pelicans in Florida. Disturbance was 
found to bias reproduction data be- 
cause of reduced hatching success and 
productivity. Effects of human dis- 
turbance were more pronounced during 
the pre-egg and incubation periods 
than at other times. Observations oj 
adult pelican reactions to human dis~ 
turbance revealed that pelicans habit~ 
uated to intrusion if it was carried 
out in a routine pattern. 
