472. 
A73., 
Studies of common loons in New Hamp- 
shire indicated a decreasing popula- 
tion, revealed by a major decline of 
Jake utilization by loons during the 
past 50 years. Loss of suitable nest- 
ing habitat through lakeshore develop- 
ment and increased human disturbance 
of nesting loons appear to be the ma- 
jor reasons for the decline. Distur- 
bances by slower boat traffic may be 
more severe than momentary distur- 
bances caused by motorized craft. 
BOATING, TOURISM, WILDLIFE VIEWING, 
LAKES, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, COMMON 
LOON 
Sutcliffe, S. A. 1979. 
status in New Hampshire. Pages lll- 
116 in S. A. Sutcliffe, ed. Proceed- 
ings of the Second North American Con- 
ference on Common Loon Research and 
Management, 14-16 January 1979, Syra- 
cuse, N.Y. Audubon Society of New 
Hampshire, Meredith. 
Common loon 
Studies in New Hampshire documented a 
3-year decrease in successful loon 
nestings; among causes of nest failure 
were human disturbances. Patrols and 
educational efforts may have reduced 
impacts of human disturbance, but sev- 
eral cases of nest predation might 
have resulted from human disturbance 
flushing adults from nests. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), LAKES, PREDATION, 
RECREATION MANAGEMENT, COMMON LOON 
Swenson, J. E. 1975. Ecology of the 
bald eagle and osprey in Yellowstone 
National Park. M.S. Thesis. Montana 
State University, Bozeman. 146 pp. 
Relationships of bald eagles and os- 
preys to human disturbances were exam- 
ined during studies in Yellowstone Na- 
tional Park. Ospreys nesting on Yel- 
lowstone Lake had significantly lower 
nest success and productivity per oc- 
cupied nest than ospreys nesting along 
streams, and the difference appeared 
to be related to human disturbance. 
Bald eagle reproduction did not appear 
to be affected by human disturbance. 
Management recommendations are pre- 
sented. 
BOATING, CAMPING, HIKING, TOURISM, FOR- 
ESTS, LAKES, RIVERS, THREATENED AND EN- 
DANGERED SPECIES, RECREATION MANAGEMENT, 
U.S. NATIONAL PARKS, BALD EAGLE, OSPREY 
474, 
476. 
Swenson, J. E. 1979. Factors affecting 
status and reproduction of ospreys in 
Yellowstone National Park. J. Wildl. 
Manage. 43:595-601. 
Reproduction of ospreys in Yellowstone 
National Park was higher along streams 
with little human disturbance than on 
Yellowstone Lake, where humans were 
more concentrated. Reproduction at 
active nests more than 1 km from a 
backcountry campsite on Yellowstone 
Lake was comparable to that for nests 
near streams. Since undisturbed os- 
preys reproduced at a rate allowing 
population stability, the elimination 
of disturbance by visitor management 
should allow the declining lake popu- 
lation to stabilize. 
CAMPING, HIKING, BOATING, FISHING, WILD- 
LIFE VIEWING, LAKES, RIVERS, FORESTS, 
RECREATION MANAGEMENT, U.S. NATIONAL 
PARKS, OSPREY 
Tarshis, I. B. 1971. 
ity of a yearling Canada goose. 
Pine Warbler 49:128. 
An unusual fatal- 
Jack- 
An incident of a Canada goose fatality 
from fishing line is reported from 
Michigan. A goose at the Seney Na- 
tional Wildlife Refuge was observed 
with a lump in the throat and breath- 
ing with difficulty; when the bird 
died it was found to have swallowed a 
mass of vegetation containing monofil- 
ament fishing line, which had caught 
on the bird's tongue. Fishermen fre- 
quently lose lines and tackle in the 
aquatic vegetation of the refuge. 
FISHING, LAKES, RIVERS, U.S. NATIONAL 
WILDLIFE REFUGES, CANADA GOOSE 
Taylor, R. J., amd E. D. Michael. 1971, 
Predation on an inland heronry§ in 
eastern Texas. Wilson Bull. 83:1/72- 
176. 
A heronry of little blue herons, an- 
hingas, green herons, and = common 
egrets was studied in Texas. The in- 
vestigators could give no explanation 
for the observed complete nesting 
failure, but suggested that human ac- 
tivity in the heronry may have been 
partly responsible. 
DISTURBANCE (GENERAL), LAKES, WETLANDS, 
PREDATION, ANHINGA, COMMON EGRET, GREEN 
HERON, LITTLE BLUE HERON 
