26 
Central America (n = 102) 
Eleven percent of the Southern Zone harvest occurred 
in Central America (Table A-41). As in Mexico, the 
Mid—CMU States played an important part in providing 
birds to the Central American dove harvest (Tables A-51, 
A-57, and A-60). Ninety-six percent of the Central Ameri- 
can kill originated in the CMU; North Dakota (14%), South 
Dakota (8%), Nebraska (11%), Kansas (24%), Oklahoma 
(9%), North Texas (8%), and South Texas (2%) were the 
major contributors. The WMU provided less than 4% of 
the harvest and the EMU less than 1%. 
Region 8—Guatemala (n = 45),—With nearly half 
(46%) of the Central American and 5% of the Southern 
Zone harvest (Table A-41), Guatemala received 93 % of its 
kill from the CMU (Mid-CMU, 65%; East-CMU, 24% ; 
and West-CMU, 5%) (Table A-60). Less than 7% of the 
kill was provided by the WMU (6%) and EMU (<1%) 
combined. 
Region 9—El Salvador (n = 30). — Nearly all doves com- 
ing from the United States and harvested in El Salvador 
originated in the CMU (98%), with the rest coming from 
the EMU. The Mid—CMU States contributed 82% of the 
Salvadoran harvest: 15% came from the East-CMU. Only 
2% of the harvest originated from west of the Mid-CMU 
tier of States. 
Region 10— Honduras (n = 12).—With only 9% of the 
Central American harvest, Honduras received 94% of its 
kill from the CMU, most of which (79%) came from the 
Mid-CMU., 
Region 11— Nicaragua (n = 13). —Nicaragua accounted 
for about 14% of the harvest of doves in Central America. 
Over 99% of the harvest was provided by the CMU; 92% 
came from the Mid—CMU tier. None of the harvest origi- 
nated from west of the Mid-CMU tier and less than 1% 
came from the EMU. 
Region 12—Costa Rica (n = 2).—The two direct re- 
coveries in Costa Rica came from the Mid-CMU (South 
Dakota and Oklahoma). 
Sex and Age Differences in Derivation of Harvest 
Central Management Unit — males vs. females. — Deri- 
vation data for adults were examined separately by sex to 
determine if differences exist. The small sample sizes in each 
State, particularly for females, made derivation compari- 
sons rather imprecise. In addition, because of weighting 
procedures, statistical testing for differences was imprac- 
tical. However, close examination of the data indicates that 
contributions by adult males and females to State harvest 
were remarkably similar. For both males and females, 
about 98 % of the CMU harvest came from within the unit 
and 1-2% from the EMU. Although this varied from State 
to State, general origins of the harvest within each State 
by sex were alike. 
A small but discernible difference between sex cohorts 
was noted in the proportion of recoveries that originated 
in the State of recovery. In eight of the nine CMU hunting 
States, higher proportions of male recoveries originated in- 
State than did those of females (Table A-61), Although most 
differences were slight, in New Mexico males had a 79% 
in-State recovery compared with 60% for females; in North 
Texas these figures were 69 and 52% for males and females, 
respectively. The difference in New Mexico is probably due 
to the small female sample size (20 total recoveries). In 
North Texas, the large difference can be accounted for by 
the high weighting factor for Oklahoma and thus the dis- 
proportionately high calculated contribution of female 
doves from Oklahoma to the North Texas harvest. Never- 
theless, these data indicate that with the onset of fall 
migration, males tend to linger in the nesting area longer 
than females. 
The only exception to this trend was in South Texas 
where 43% of the males and 50% of the females were in- 
State recoveries. Because the dove hunting season in South 
Texas is later than in the other States, early migration of 
one sex probably would be masked by the later sampling 
dates, 
Irrespective of the evidence that adult females began 
migration slightly earlier than adult males, the similarities 
of the sexes in contribution to the harvest among States dic- 
tated that all data for adults be combined for further 
analysis. 
Southern Zone — males vs. females. — Exact locations of 
recovery in the Southern Zone were known for only 161 
males and 91 females. Accurate calculation of contribution 
differences between sexes within specific areas was impos- 
sible because of the small samples. Within the Southern 
Zone, 80% of the adult male recoveries originated from 
the CMU, 18% from the WMU, and 3% from the EMU. 
For females, 85% came from the CMU, 11% from the 
WMU, and 3% from the EMU. Thus, adult male and 
female data were combined for the Southern Zone for 
further comparisons. 
Central Management Unit— adults vs. immatures. — 
Within each CMU State, derivation of the harvest for 
immatures and adults followed the same general pattern 
(Tables A-55 and A-56). However, except for South Texas, 
the proportion of immature doves taken within State of 
banding vs. out of State was substantially lower than that 
of adult males and generally lower than that of adult 
females (Table A-61). This fact indicates that many imma- 
tures had moved to other areas by the time the hunting 
season opened in early September. Thus, it appears that 
immature mourning doves are the first population segment * 
to initiate southward migration, followed by females and 
then males. 
Southern Zone — adults vs. immatures. — The derivation 
of the harvest within Mexico is similar for immatures and 
adults (Tables A-58 and A-59); about 54% of the harvest 
originated from the Mid-CMU and 16% from the 
West-CMU, about 20% from the WMU, and 2% or less 
from the EMU. For Central America, both age classes had 
