56 
CLANIA CRAMERI,’ 
WESTWOOD. 
References :—Westw. P. Z.S. 1854, p. 226; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 118. 
figs. 1, 1a (larvaecase); C, & S. no. 490. Hampsn. Faun. 
Br. Ind., Moths, I, p. 291. no, 617, 
Classification:—Order, LEPIDOPTERA. Sub-Order, HETEROCERA. 
Family, Psychide. 
Description. 
The J/arva lives within a small case of longitudinally 
arranged twigs which it carries about with it like a snail 
carrying its shell. The larva adds to this case as it grows, 
but never leaves it. See Pl. Il, fig. 2 a. 
The pupa is formed within the case of twigs, in which it 
remains if the insect is a female, this sex being practically 
wingless. 
Moth. &.—Head, thorax and abdomen clothed with light 
and dark brown hair. Antennz bipectinated to tips. Fore 
tarsus with the terminal joint long; tibia with a long spine. — 
Fore wing red-brown, the veins streaked with black; the 
interspaces with pale streaks; more or less fuscous suffusion 
On outer area. Hind wing smoky brown. Wings rather short 
and broad. 
Expanse of wing 30 millim. See Plate II, fig. 2, 4, c. 
Life History. 
The larve hatch out in July and at once commence to feed 
on the needles of the Pzuus longifolia, which tree this insect 
defoliates. The caterpillars are voracious eaters and continue 
feeding upon the needles until November. Trees of allages are 
attacked. 
1 This insect was found in 1898, in the Jaunsar Division, North-Western 
Himalayas, by Mr. B. B. Osmaston, F.C.H. The observations on the life 
history were made by him. Some old larval cases were sent to the Indian 
Museum in June 1897, by Babu Sadanand Gairola, from the Jaunsar 
Division. 
