CRYPTORAHYNCHIDS SP. 43 
es 
The tissue surrounding recent cavities was fresh and sound ; 
that round o'd ones spongy and rotten, In most cases Mr, 
Long noted that ‘the woody tissues, often to the centre of the 
tree, were stained blue as though by fungoid mycelia, and I 
incline to think that, although the insects do damage, it is the 
fungus which they let in that proves fatal.” 
‘©The plantation is about 3,200 feet above sea-level, and has 
a southern aspect. Other Pinus Khasya trees, scarcely 200 
yards away, having a northern aspect, having so far escaped 
attack. Pinus longifolia also with a northern aspect has not 
yet been attacked.” 
This question of the aspect may or may not have any con- 
nection with the prevalence of the attack, but these wood- 
boring pests usually spread slowly: when, however, they appear 
at a centre in numbers, they spread outwards from this area, 
and if their attack is unchecked and conditions are favourable, 
their numbers increase very rapidly, and following this increase 
the infertation radiates rapidly in all directions from the original 
source, — 
Protection and Remedies. 
Where feasible, undoubtedly the best remedy in. cases of 
attacks of this nature is to cut out all infected stems and burn 
them at once. If this operation is carried out carefully, it will 
effectually stamp out the trouble. This is the remedy I sug- 
gested in the case in question, but as many of the weevils would 
have already issued, a careful search should be made for eggs 
and a watch kept for the signs of fresh young larve appearing 
in the trees, 
With reference to the blue stain in the bark, attributed by 
Mr. Long to the mycelia of a fungus which he considers may be 
the final resulting cause of the death of the tree, it must be 
borne in mind that since it commences at the holes made by 
the weevils, their attacks would seem to be the primary cause 
of its presence in thetrees, I have not as yet seen any of the 
attacked stems with this fungus 7” s7¢z, so am unable to express 
any opinion on the subject, 
