14 SINOXYLON CRASSUM. 

ready for it, S. crassum has increased in enormous numbers in 
the plantations and has now become a formidable pest, 
The following are remedies I would suggest :— 
1. Remove from the forest as soon as felled the amount 
of wood annually cut in the compartments, no fresh- 
cut wood being allowed to lie in the forest after the 
end of March. 
2. That the fellings be so arranged that wood is not cut 
in advance of the selling power. The amount — 
. on hand at any one time being thus smaller, the 
number of breeding places for the insects will 
diminish. 
3, The number of breeding places being thus reduced, 
measures will have to be put into force to deal with 
the large numbers of beetles which under these 
circumstances will attack the green standing trees. 
(2) Careful watch to be kept for attacked standing trees. 
They will be recognised by small “shot holes” 
appearing in the bark with probably particles of 
sawdust at or near their entrances, Such trees, if 
badly infested, should be cut down at about the end 
of May (when they will contain larve and pupz) and 
be chopped up and burnt. To ascertain the time to | 
fell the tree, cut out a strip of bark and see if the 
bark and sapwood contain small white grubs or 
pupz. Ifso, this is the time to remove the tree. 
If it is left longer the larve and pupe will change 
into beetles and these will then bore their way out 
and leave the tree and attack fresh ones. 
This careful watch should be kept up between April 
and October for a year or two after the plan of 
immediately removing the cut fuel and logs has been 
adopted. 
(4) Tosave green trees from being promiscuously attacked, 
“trap” -trees could be used. Suitable trees are 
selected in convenient places adjacent to the areas 
in which fellings have just been made and are ringed 
or felled about February. The April beetles will 
