104 BOARMIA. SELENARIA. 

stripping the leaves and green parts off the tree, the scale 
tapping the branches and taking a heavy toll of sap. 
Protection and Remedies. 
Until the life history of this pest has been worked out, it is 
not possible to say what remedies may be practicable over large 
extents of forest. We have yet to ascertain what insect and 
fungoid parasites attack the pest. Mr. Milward noticed that the 
caterpillars were practically absent from an area which had 
been burnt over in the preceding hot weather. The old trees 
had suffered to a certain extent from the fire and most of the 
young growth had been killed. It may have been that the 
foliage of the trees proved acrid and distasteful to the larve, or 
the insect may have been in its pupal stage in the soil and leaves 
on the ground and thus got roasted and killed off. 
If there is a second generation, it may perhaps not appear 
in areas that were devastated by the first one. The moths on 
coming out about the middle of May will not lay their eggs in 
areas where the food-supply, owing to the heavy attack made by 
the April larve is likely to be deficient for their offspring. In 
searching for these latter therefore, it will be necessary to 
inspect adjacent areas of sdl untouched in the spring in 
addition to those which suffered from the April larve. 
Points in the life history requiring further observation :— 
1. Where the eggs are laid— 
(1) by the moth of the April generation, | 
(2) by the moth of the» subsequent generation, if 
there is one, 7 
An examination of the branches when the moths are on 
the wing should show this. 
2, Whether there is a second generation, and, if so, the 
dates of appearance of the various stages of egg, 
larva, pupa, and imago, 
3. In which stage the insect passes the winter, and where. 
4. What insect or fungus parasites attack it, and their 
methods of procedure, 
