EUZOPHERA CEDRELLA and PHYCITA ABIETELLA. 111 
28th from spruce; on 4th October from deodar. All these 
were P. abtetella. E. cedreila was obtained from spruce and 
deodar in October. 
Relations to the Forest. 
Our knowledge. is at present insufficient to enable us to 
say which of these two pests is the most aggressive, or 
whether there may not be others at work with them. The 
effect of their attacks is, however, most injurious since in bad 
years the majority of the seed crops are entirely lost. This was 
the case with the deodar crop in 1898, nearly the whole of 
which, according to Mr. Ribbentrop,’ was lost fromthe trees 
round Simia, whilst Mr. Osmaston reported the destruction of 
cones the same year in the Jaunsar forests. The attack does 
not seem to have been noticed (or at any rate reported) on 
the spruce, silver fir, and blue pine during the year. The 
insects have been more or less plentiful in deodar cones during 
the succeeding years, and last year (1901) they were found not 
only abundant in deodar but also in spruce, silver fir, and blue 
pine. It is probable that they caused the loss of the majority 
of the seed of these four trees during 1901 in the portions of 
the Simla and Bashahr divisions visited by the writer. 
Protection and Remedies. 
Until the full life history of these insects is known it is too 
soon to even attempt to suggest here what remedies, if any are 
possible, can be recommended for trialin the case of such 
pests, 
Points tn the life history requiring further observation :— 
1, Where the eggs are laid. The discovery of this 
point is most important. ; 
2. When the larve first hatch out, and where they spend 
the first stages of their life histories. 
3. The number of different species of larve attacking 
the cones, and which species of cone they are most 
common in. 
4. The length of the various pupal stages. 
1 Vide “ Notes on the Deodar,” /ndian Forester, Vol. XXV, Appendix, 
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