SCOLYTUS MINOR, MS 201 
the more so as its attacks are almost invariably accompanied by 
the large Scolytus. I have seen numbers of young deodar sap- 
lings with the sapwood covered from top to base with the 
galleries of the beetle. A young sapling which has been treated 
in this way is shown in PI. X, fig. 3,d. If thetree is older, the 
galleries at the base will be those of the larger species. The 
insect will not touch dead bark or dead trees since it requires 
the green cambium layer in which to lay its eggs. Sickly trees 
near an infected centre will however be at once attacked, and 
there can be no doubt that such trees are killed by the beetle 
in cases where they might have otherwise recovered from their 
temporary feebleness. When very numerous, the insect une 
doubtedly attacks young green trees. 
A pest of this kind is to be seriously feared in areas of young 
pure deodar growth, as its attacks in a plantation of such would 
ruin the work of years, It isfor this reason that its full life his- 
tory requires to be most carefully worked out, and more especially 
the question as to the number of generations in the year settled. 
Protection and Remedies. 
Infected centres should be cut clean out and the saplings 
carefully burnt unless it is found easier to bark them, when 
the bark should be exposed to the sun inside uppermost. The 
ground round the roots should be removed for about 6 inches 
and the sapling cut at this level and not above ground, or some of 
the beetles will be left in the portion of the tree remaining above 
ground and escape to carry on the infection. The management 
of deodar woods is becoming more intense in the country, and 
pests of this nature will require the most careful attention. Up 
to the present they have found plenty of diseased and dying trees 
to breed in. Under systematic working these are disappearing, 
and the struggle for existence will send the beetles to young 
and valuable saplings in the young newly-formed plantatio ns 
or newly-planted up areas. 
At Konain and Kathian in Jaunsar-Bawar, and at Deota in 
the Tehri-Garhwal forests, there are infected centres of this 
insect. I should recommend that careful search be made in 
