224 SCOLYTUS DEODARA, MS. 

Even if the branch remains still erect, the entrance hole, as 
evidenced by the exudation of fresh resin on the bark, can be 
seen. 
In small plantations and wherever practicable it is recom- 
mended that all such freshly attacked branches should be 
collected and either burnt or the bark peeled off from the 
girdle downwards for several inches. This will expose the eggs 
or young larvae, and they will be killed off. Branches not 
actually freshly attacked which may contain pupz should be 
burnt. If this is systematically done in a plantation and, owing 
to the attack being so easily recognizable, the work should not 
be difficult, it should be possible to keep this pest within bounds 
and protect many promising young saplings at any rate until 
their leading shoots get beyond the beetles’ attacks. 
Collecting all dead branches in the winter months and 
burning them may also kill off the overwintering beetle, or what- 
ever stage it is in, inside them. 
Points in the life history requiring further observation. 
1, The number of generations in the year. If there is a 
second one, the length of time spent in the larval 
and pupal stages. 
2. In which stage of its life history does the beetle pass 
through the winter? This will not unlikely be 
the pupal, but may be the beetle stage. Is this 
stage spent inside the girdled branch which will 
by then be dead, either fallen to the ground or 
still attached to the tree? Ifso, the collection and 
burning of all dead branches during the cold 
weather months is strongly to be recommended. 
3. How many eggs are laid at the girdle, and how many 
of them normally develop into larve? Of these 
larvee how many ordinarily reach the beetle stage? 
At present observations would seem to show that only a 
few of the larvae which hatch out really reach the 
beetle stage, Further observations are required 
on this point. 
4. Does the beetle attack any other trees besides the 
deodar ? 

