POLYGRAPHUS MINOR, MS. 241 
either by the egg or larval galleries. I have not yet deter- 
mined how many females pair with the male. 
Relations to the Forest. 
This Polygraphus confines itself almost entirely to the bast 
and bark of the tree, making no, or very little, impression on the 
sapwood. Its galleries run in the bast nearer to the outside of 
the tree than those of the Tomicus which groove deep into the 
sapwood. Like the latter, however, it apparently appears to 
prefer the thick bark and bast layer of the main trunk of the 
older trees. It is always in greater numbers here, though it is to 
be found more rarely in the softer portions affected by the 
larger species of the genus (P. major), It has also been 
found in company with Aylesinus (?) sp. Its presence can be 
detected by the small shot holes appearing on the outside 
of the bark, these latter being much smaller than those of the 
Tomicus. It also attacks the spruce in a similar manner to 
the blue pine ! in company with the Blue Pine Tomicus. 
Points in the life history requiring further observation. 
1. The number of ?’s pairing with d, and number of 
eggs laid. 
2. The number of generations and the time passed in the 
various stages of each. 

1 Since the above notes were written, I have also found the insect boring 
into the main trunk of a newly-felled deodar, the bast and sapwood of 
which had already been riddled by Scolytus major and S. minor (see 
pp. 203—212) ante. This was at the end of June, the beetles being those of 
the second generation of the year about to lay the eggs of the third genera- 
tion. This discovery is interesting and important for the following 
reasons : — 
(1) It shows that P. minor as in the case of its confréres, P. mazor 
and Pityogenes conifere, attacks deodar in addition to blue 
pine and spruce. 
(2) That in attacking deodar it bores into the main trunk as it does 
in the case of the other two trees it affects. 
(3) That it will attack less fresh deodar than will the Scolytus beetles 
as is the case when it accompanies the Tomicus in blue pine. 
I also found one or two half mature specimens in the deodar saplings at 
Pajidhar which had been attacked by the P. major and Pityogenes cont- 
fere. They were at the base of the saplings attacking the harder thicker 
bark which had formed on the older trees. I found none, however, in the 
neighbouring blue pine. 
