HYBLAEA PUERA. 289 

seenin Burma. In the drier teak forests the attacks would not 
begin before July, and the number of generations passed through 
in the year will be reduced to 3 or 4. Mr. Bourdillon considers 
that in Southern India, either very dry or very wet weather is 
detrimental to the spread of the insect. 
The larva feeds upon the leaves, and, when full grown) 
pupates in various ways upon them— 
1. Either amongst the dead leaves on the ground in 
which it spins a flimsy cocoon, changing into a 
pupa within this. 
2. Pupates upon a leaf on the tree and may drop to the 
ground with it if it is a dying or dead one. 
3 Occasionally spins its cocoon over the mid-rib of 
the leaf, dragging the sides of leaf together by 
means of silken threads. 
4. Folds the edge of a leaf, which it may cut into a short 
way for the purpose, over and binds it together 
with silk, pupating within it. 
A very interesting case of the pupation of this pest was 
- noticed in the Yeni Reserve, Pyinmana, Upper Burma, by Mr. 
Cubitt. The attack of the larve took place in a high teak forest 
having an undergrowth consisting almost entirely of a dense mass 
of young bamboo (Cephalostachyum pergractle) about 4’ 6” in 
height. On becoming full fed, the larva let themselves down 
by silken threads on to the undergrowth and the pupation 
took place in the bamboo leaves, These latter were not 
merely rolled up at the edges, but were folded like a sheet of 
note paper more or less transversely and usually 2” from the apex. 
In this instance the larve did not pupate upon the ground, 
probably owing to the undergrowth having been too dense for 
them to get through with ease. Another point noticed by 
Mr. Cubitt was that only the tallest trees in the teak forest 
were attacked and defoliated: poles and saplings invariably 
escaping except perhaps in their upper branches. I can give no 
explanation for this, as the larve usually attack young and old 
trees indiscriminately. . 
