HYBLA&A PUERA. _ -29! 
Opinions seem to conflict at present as to whether this 
insect is more injurious in pure than in mixed teak forests. 
In Burma Mr. S. Carr, Deputy Conservator of Forests, states that 
“the damage is certainly more severe in pure teak than in mixed 
forest because more trees are attacked.”” My own observations 
in the case of young pure teak plantations have shown me 
that the insect is capable of doing a large amount of damage 
in such and undoubtedly does so at Nilambur. In older mixed 
forests, in some parts of the continent, on the other hand, the 
insect is able to increase at times equally in the mixed as in the 
pure teak since it does not confine itself to the teak tree alone, 
but is fairly omnivorous feeding in Kanara on species of Dher- 
ries (Leguminosz), while in Berar I noted that it often com- 
pletely defoliated a Bauhinia. There may be two principal 
attacks of this pest during the year, the first occurring about May 
inthe damper teak forests and July in the drier ones, Mr. S. Carr 
states that in the Southern Burma Plantations of the Rangoon 
Division this attack lasts from May to July but remarks, “though 
the attack extended over a considerable period, there is nothing 
to show that it was caused by more than one generation of the 
larvee.”? From what we know of the life history of the insect, I 
think it probable that it will be found that at least two genera- 
tions of the insect are passed through in this period. The second 
serious defoliating attack takes place between September and 
November or December Unfortunately the attacks have been 
by no means noted so exactly as in the case of the Pyrausta ones, 
and we have much to learn about te periodical increases of this 
pest. One fact is certain, however, and that is, that it is to be 
found in the teak forests between the end of April to November 
and December, and there appears to be no reason against any 
one of the seven generations increasing above the normal and 
‘n such numbers as to be capable of stripping the forests 
entirely. I noted that the young teak from 1-5 years old in the 
Karimpoya Plantations at Nilambur were being very seriously 
defoliated towards the end of August. Numbers of the young 
saplings were leafless or rapidly becoming so, resulting in com- 
plete stoppage of growth of the young plants in the middle of 
the growing season—a most serious matter. I also noticed that 
