310 PYRAUSTA MACHGERALIS. 
2. A suggestion was made by Mr, Gordon Hadfield! that the 
plantation elephants should be driven up and down the teak lines, 
as he noticed that the insects pupated amongst the leaves on 
the ground. This suggestion I consider a most excellent one as, 
if put into force towards the end of a heavy defoliating attack, 
numbers of the pupz would be undoubtedly got rid of in this 
way. The best time, however, at which this method of protec- 
tion should be put into force will be after the insect has hiber- 
nated in the ground for the winter months, 7.e., between Decem- 
ber and April. I would suggest that during this period every 
plantation should be visited, if possible twice, and the elephants 
taken up and down the plantation lines. Mr. Hole has made a 
similar suggestion for the Central Provinces, proposing that pigs 
should be allowed into the forest for this purpose, It would 
undoubtedly be of great use. 
3. It has been observed on more than one occasion that 
during severe attacks of these pests, birds, such as crows, 
mynas, bulbuls, e¢c., are to be found in numbers feeding upon 
the larve, and the suggestion was made by Mr. Tireman at 
Nilambur that it might be feasible to introduce a large number 
of crows and mynasinto the plantations, I think the experi- 
ment would be well worth trying, and I noticed that crows were 
to be had in plenty upon the beach at Calicut only some 4o 
odd miles away. 
4. Mr. Hole has noticed that the larve suffer from the attacks 
of an ichneumon and a fungoid disease. Both of these require 
careful working out, and more especially the latter, as if 
cultures can be made it would give us perhaps the best of all 
weapons for combating the attack. 
In the Nursery. 
1. In rg01 I recommended that the teak plants in the central 
nursery at Poona should be sprayed with the Paris green 
arsenate (see p. 146, No. 1) in order to kill off HyJ/za and P)- 
rausta larve. 1 have since heard that this was successful and 
‘Vide Report and Working Scheme of the Nilambur Teak Plantations 
by Mr, P. M, Lushington, Deputy Conservator of Forests, Pp. 45. 

