COCCINELLA SP. OR325 

resembling a saw-edge, giving the insect a serrate edge all round. 
The ventral surface has the same colour as the dorsal, but is 
smooth and has no tubercles, Just before pupating the larva 
often changes from the white and black or greyish purple colour 
toa brick red. Pl. XIX, fig. 5, a, shows a dorsal and side view 
of this grub. 
Pupa.—When pupating the grub attaches itself to the upper 
or under-surface of a leaf or to a twig or rough bark by means 
of the adhesive pad at the posterior end of its body, projecting 
at an angle from the point of attachment and assuming a 
curved position, its dorsal surface being convex and ventral one 
concave. It has the appearance of standing up on itstail. (See 
fig. 4, d (1). The larva remains in this position for about 24 
hours and then the outer skin splits down dorsally from the 
anterior end to the end of the tenth segment and the skin gets 
drawn or shrivels back on either side and the bright red, almost 
spherical, pupa is disclosed. The pupa nestling in the surround- 
ing purple and white speckled old larval skin looks not unlike a 
small wild strawberry fruit sessile upon the leaves. In the crimson 
pupa the two small black eyes of the future beetle and developing 
wings and dorsal abdominal ridges of the segments can be seen 
under the bright orange red skin The anterior or head end of 
the beetle faces away from the point of attachment and is at the 
other end of the pupa. The colour varies from bright to dull 
red, crimson or orange red. Size about 4 inch. In the plate 
fig. 4, b, shows a pupa on a leaf and d (2) on a branch. 
Beetle.—When the beetle is ready to issue the pupal skin 
splits down dorsally and ventrally at its anterior end and the 
beetle crawls out. It is a small oval insect and is at this period 
bright orange red in colour and thickly covered with a fine white 
down. The elytra and thorax soon harden, lose the white down 
toa great extent and are then adarker redincolour. The head is 
prominent with black prominent eyes, and short antenne ending 
in a small club, There is a black spot at the base of the protho- 
rax. The elytra are dark red and are six-spotted. Posteriorly 
on each there is a crescent-shaped black patch, the convex side 
‘being outwards and the patch being set at an angle pointing 
