416 DIAPUS sp. prox. IMPRESSUS, ¥anson. 
iD 
die near the entrance of the tunnels, The galleries are at times 
as much as Q-12 inches in length. 
I have no further observations on the life-history of tbs 
insect at present, and do not know whether it has more than one 
generation in the year. 
Locality from where reported. 
This insect would appear to be fairly abundant in the oak 
forests of the Jaunsar Division, in the North-West Himalayas. 
Relations to the Forest. 
This Dzapus isa wood-borer and, as far as is at present known, 
prefers wood which is nearly dry. It bores into felled and girdled 
trees and also into oak stumps, laying its eggs in the heart-wood. 
A curious point about the tunnel in the dam oaks is that a section 
always shows a little circular black line surrounding the hole and at 
a distance of about j;nd inch from the opening, This goes right 
down through the wood forming, so to speak, a small black cylin- 
drical rim surrounding the hole. This ring has _ probably 
some connection with the fungus growth induced by the beetles. 
A large tree which had been girdled some years before, but which 
was not dead in 1901, was felled in that year (in May). It was 
found badly riddled by the beetles in June 1902. They had bored 
in on all sides, as much in the upper side of the tree where the 
bark was exposed to strong sunlight as lower down the sides 
which were in shade. 
Protection and Remedies. 
Trees of which the timber is required should not be girdled 
and allowed to stand in the forest after death. Fallen logs and 
firewood stacks should be removed as soon as possible. 
Points tn the life-history requiring further observation. 
1. Does this beetle attack freshly-felled timber or does it 
require dry or nearly dry wood ? | 
2. The number of generations in the year. Do the June 
beetles lay the eggs of the first generation of the 
year (if more than one) ? 
3. Length of time spent by the larvz in the tunnel. 
