424 CLANIA CRAMERI, Westwood. 
large even at this stage. The segments are covered with large 
scattered, yellowish hairs, There is a patch of brown 
dorsally on the last segment. Length = jth inch. The first 
case is acquired about 20 hours after leaving the egg, and 
consists of a tiny conical roll formed of a fine flake of epidermis 
froni a young shoot of the tree. 
Pupa.—The pupa is reddish black anteriorly, the abdominal 
segments being a red brown and nine in number. The 
anterior portion.of pupa is thickened, the body tapering to 
more or less of a point. The wing cases are short. A row of 
spiny protuberances run down the back of the pupa: by means 
of these it is enabled to pull itself forward and so escape from 
the bag-case of the larva. Length ;%ths inch. 
Moth.—6. Smallish, greyish brown with bipectinate antenne 
in the male. Wings and body light brown. Forewing with 
some of veins streaked with black. Hind wing greyer, the 
veins being streaked with brown. Thorax and abdomen 
covered with long hair, the under-surface of the latter being 
ashy in colour with a narrow central dirty-white band, Expanse 
of wings one inch. : 
@ .—The female never leaves the case. She is wingless and 
canary-yellow in colour, consisting of a simple sack-like body 
resembling a miniature Queen “ white ant.” Her body swells 
up after fertilization and shows five distinct segments, At the 
end of the anterior one is a small orange-coloured process 
resembling in shape a cock’s comb with four divisions to the 
crest. Below this latter are two short brown processes thick- 
ened out and ridged at base. Beneath this, on the undersside, 
isa triangular-shaped black patch reaching: down to the end 
of the first segment, the apex of the triangle being at the 
posterior end. The posterior segment ends ina _ bifurcated 
copulatory organ. There is no trace of wingsor legs. Body 
tapers slightly to each end. Length $ths inch, Width across 
thickest part = ths inch. 
Life-History. 
The writer noticed the larva of this insect defoliating Casus 
arina trees in Waltair at the beginning of July 1903. 
