BISTON SUPPRESSARIA. 451 

caterpillar was first noticed in the thiddie of July, but it is not 
unlikely that it is to be found at the beginning of the month or 
An the latter portion of June. It isa voracious feeder, and bes 
comes full-fed and pupates about the middle of August. About 
‘three weeks are passed in the pupal stage, a moth having 
been obtained on the roth September from a pupa found about 
‘the middle of August. 
It is not improbable that this may prove to be the second 
generation of the pest inthe year. If this is so, the larve oi the 
first would appear some time during April, pup perhaps at the 
end of the month, and moths late in May. This first generation 
would thus correspond to that of the Sal looper pest Bourmia 
selenarta of the Siwaliks described in No. 1 of these notes at 
p- 100. The second generation of the year of this latter pest is 
as yet unknown, but information obtained is sufficient to make 
‘it Certain thac there is one. As in the case of B. selenarta the 
caterpillars of this insect are voracious feeders, and appear to 
practically live and feed upon every species they meet, thus 
completely defoliating whole areas, 
Locality from where reported. 
This insect has been reported from the forests of the Lower 
Murree Hills, in the Punjab. Elevation, 3,000 to 4,000 feet. 
Hampson gives Kangra, Sikkim, Assam, Calcutta and Ceylon 
'.as the previously recorded localities in India. 
Relations to the Forest. 
This Geometrid appeared in large numbers in the brushwood 
forests of the Lower Murree Hillsin July igo2 and committed a 
«considerable amount ot defoliating damage. Mr. Hoghton says 
that “the attack was first noticed about the middle of July, and 
by the first week in August sanatha (Doponzxa viscosa), gorinda 
(Carissa diffusa) ana kuliar (Bauhinia variegata) were almost 
completely defoliated in large patches, the warmer and drier 
southern slopes being most seriously affected. Khair and phulai 
(Acacia Catechu and A. modesta), also kamila (Rothra tinc= 
toria) and some other species, were also attacked, but not to 
