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bird of New Zealand than the larger species of New Holland, In the Emeu, for example, 
the inferior spinous process begins not to be developed until the dorsal series of vertebrae, 
with articular cavities for ribs, commences. 
The anterior articular surface of the body (Plate XX XIII. figg. 2 & 3, a) bends down 
upon the under part of the vertebral body, where the lower angles of the reniform surface 
are produced backwards. The diapophyses or transverse processes (7b. d) developed from 
the base of the anterior oblique processes (ib. 3) seem not to have been connected by a 
costal process with the produced margins of the anterior and under part of the body (a), 
but to have been divided from these by an open groove on each side. The perforated 
depression (i, fig. 1) is smaller than in the foregoing cervical vertebra, and the posterior 
boundary ridge of the foramen pneumaticum is shorter and more obtuse, The base of 
the superior spine is strongly impressed before and behind by arough surface for attach- 
ment of the inter-spinal elastic ligaments: the antero-posterior extent of this spine (g) 
aud of the inferior one \/) is shown by dotted lines in fig. 1. Both having been broken 
off in the specimen, these and the other fractured surfaces of the vertebra show the 
very coarse and loose cancellous texture of the bone, 
In a similar-sized more perfect posterior cervical vertebra of Dinornis giganteus, in the 
collection of Mr. Percy Earl, obtained from the same deposit and locality, the strong 
spinous process is entire: it is four-sided and truncate at the summit, four inches high 
from the fore-part of its base, one inch in the antero-posterior diameter of the base, 
and ten lines in the transverse diameter, 
A fragment of a vertebra, from the same collection, of nearly the same size, and pro- 
bably a little anterior in position, differs from the preceding in having only a very shal- 
low imperforate depression, where the deep perforated pit exists at the sides of the 
neurapophyses in the foregoing vertebra: the neural spine has scarcely been developed 
above the level of the posterior zygapophyses or articular processes in this fragment. 
Dr. Mackellar’s collection contained two very perfect specimens of dorsal vertebrae 
of smaller species of Dinornis, presenting several peculiarities characteristic of the 
genus. The first of these (Pl. XXXIV. figg. 1 & 2) is from the middle of the dorsal 
region of probably the Dinornis ingens. It is not carinate inferiorly, as in the corre- 
sponding vertebra of the smaller species, figured in Pl. XVII. figg. 6—9, and the 
lower border of the anterior articular surface of the body is less produced in proportion 
to that of the posterior surface. The depression leading to the cancellous structure 
between the transverse and posterior oblique process in the small dorsal vertebra above 
cited is wanting in the present large one ; but the pneumatic foramen (Pl. XXXIV. f) be- 
tween the costal depression (c) and transverse process (0) is present. The proportionate 
breadth of the body of the vertebra ; the broad outspread oblique processes (ib. fig. 2, 2,2’) ; 
the thick, obtuse and almost horizontal transverse processes (2b. b); the strong spinous 
process, as broad transversely as antero-posteriorly ;—all exemplify the generic charac- 
ters of the vertebra of Dinornis. 
R 
