19) 
metrical form of the proximal articulation, and from that of the fourth (outer) toe by its 
greater length in proportion to its thickness. The form of the proximal articular surface 
is given in fig. 3, at 11. 1: the outer half of the surface is most extended from before back- 
wards, and its posterior rounded angle is produced, and divided by a groove from the 
corresponding part of the inner part of the joint. The under surface of the phalanx 
presents a rough tuberosity near each of these angles, and the inner surface of the inner 
angle is impressed with a pit for the insertion of the lateral ligament : the under surface 
of the middle of the phalanx is flattened: the section of the bone at that part would give 
almost a semicircle with the angles rounded off; but the inner side of the upper convex 
part of the phalanx is rather more extended and sloping than the outer one. The distal 
articulation is a convex trochlea describing rather more than a semicircle in the vertical 
direction, and divided by a wide and deep median channel: the inner moiety of the 
trochlea is rather the most produced: on each side of the distal end of the phalanx there 
is a depression for the lateral ligament ; it is deepest on the outer side. 
The second phalanx of the second toe (11. 2) has its expanded proximal articular 
surface divided by a submedian vertical ridge into two concavities, the inner one being 
broader in proportion to its vertical extent than the outer one, which shows reverse 
proportions: the section of the middle of the shaft is subtriedral with rounded angles ; 
the outer and inner sides converging more to the upper surface than in 11. 1, and the 
inner surface sloping rather more than the outer one: this character distinguishes the 
phalanx in question from the corresponding one in the other toes (11, 2 or 1v. 2). The 
under surface is flattened, the upper one slightly concave lengthwise. The distal 
trochlea, divided by the vertical wide groove, is more contracted above than in 1. 1. 
The pits for the lateral ligaments are large and well-marked ; that on the outer side is 
the deepest and has a tuberosity beneath it. 
The third or ungual phalanx (11. 3) is three inches in length ; it is figured some- 
what foreshortened, being viewed as it is naturally bent in Pl. XLIX. It is a sub- 
triedral long cone, bent slightly downwards. The proximal articular surface is 
shield-shaped with the base downwards; it is nearly equally divided by the vertical 
ridge which fits into the groove of u. 2: the under surface of the base of the phalanx 
presents a broad rough surface for the insertion of the flexor perforans tendon ; the rest 
of the under surface is smooth and nearly flat transversely, slightly curved lengthwise. 
The lateral surfaces converge to an upper smooth convexity, which near the base of the 
phalanx shows the line of insertion of the expanded extensor tendon. The inner surface 
is most sloping and most extensive: the upper surface is smooth and convex ; each side 
is impressed by a deep vascular groove extending half way towards the apex of the 
phalanx. The apex of the claw is pierced by many large vascular canals, for the issue 
of the vessels supplying the secreting organ of the powerful claw. 
The length of the toe 11, as given by the three phalanges, is seven inches and a half. 
The length of the proximal phalanx of the middle toe (111. 1) is four inches and a half; 
