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6 lines. The margin (d' d') towards the missing outer heel of the pad shows abrasion ; 
_ but where the under surface is entire, it is beset with large papille, having a tendency to 
a circular arrangement about a smoother space, which seems to have received the chief 
pressure of the inner trochlea. On the inner or tibial side of the pad (d) the papille 
increase in breadth and number, and are aggregated in the form of penta- or hexa-gonal 
oblongish scales, about 24 lines in long diameter, diminishing in size (and chiefly in 
breadth) at the inner margin of the pad. 
The skin becomes thinner and smooth at the part yielding to the bend of the toe 
upon the metatarse (ib. fig. 1, 4), and that to an extent and with a degree of infolding 
in the dry integument which indicate great flexibility of the toe. 
In advance of this, beneath the expanded ends of the first and second phalanges, the 
skin thickens and spreads into a second broad flat pad (¢) beset with coarse scattered 
papillee. 
A short smooth tract (4) below the middle of the second phalanx intervenes between 
the second (2) and the third (/) papillose pad, which latter is beneath the joint between 
the second and third phalanges; the papille are here longer and more close-set, the 
transverse extent prevailing in most. 
All the papille are formed, or covered, by thick epidermal matter as hard as horn. 
It is, however, together with the more gelatinous matter of the tendons and ten- 
dinous sheaths, soluble; and, unless the remains of the bird had been buried in very 
dry sand, not exposed to rainfall, it can hardly be supposed that it would have resisted 
for many years the action of moisture. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATE. 
PLATE LXXI. 
Fig. 1. Inner-side view of the inner toe (é) of the right foot, Dinornis robustus, Ow. 
Fig. 2. Under view of the same toe. 
Fig. 3. Proximal end of first phalanx of the same toe, with appended integument, 
tendons, &c. Natural size. 
