
267 
to the species, ). crassus, of which many individ 
obtained from the same locality and deposit. Finally, in the collection recently 
transmitted from Christchurch, Canterbury Settlement, Zew Zealand, by Dr, Haast, are 
two skulls of corresponding dimensions and characters, one of which is referred by that 
accomplished geologist (and, I believe, rightly) to Dinornis crassus, of which species 
series of limb-bones form part of the same collection, obtained from the swamp at 
Glenmark, which has proved so prolific in evidences of these extinct gigantic birds, 
With this confirmation I proceed to add to the subjoined figures of the skull of 
Dinornis crassus (Pl. LX XVI.) notes of the principal differences which it presents in 
comparison with the skull of D. elephantopus. 
The skuli of Dinornis crassus, besides its proportional difference of size, chiefly shown 
in minor length, is distinguished from that of Dinornis elephantopus by a less-convex 
calvarium, relatively narrower and deeper temporal fosse, and above all by shorter and 
terminally broader and more obtusely rounded upper and lower mandibles, 
In breadth of superoccipital surface (Pl. LXXVI. fig. 4, d@) Dinornis crassus almost 
equals D. elephantopus (Pl. LXXVII. fig. 2); but it has a sharper, more deeply 
defned supplementary upper transverse superoccipital ridge (ib. fig, 2, )s and this is 
nearer to the normal (more or less Wavy) upper transverse ridge (that, viz., which is 
marked d d in fig. 4, and in Pl, XVI. figs. 3, 4, Dinornis struthioides). | 
The occipital condyle and foramen (Pl. LX XVI. fig. 4, m) differ from those of Dinornis 
elephantopus both in size and shape; a larger proportion of the tubercle ea ape: 
The basioccipital descends more abruptly and relatively lower to the platform, the 
tuberosities forming the hinder angles of which are well peninced but more ridged, less 
mammilloid, than in Dinornis elephantopus or D. robustus. The sphenoidal platform 
(ib. fig. 3,5) is less deeply impressed, less constricted Hetentiss by the Saat 
grooves; and its under surface is flatter, less inmegular. Ihe thick PArUR sata a 
of the tympanic fossa is subangular, with a superincumbent SA Naas 
paroccipital (ib. fig. 1, 4) with the mastoid (ib. S)s Taine more mar int ce r 
elephantopus. The mastoid and the premastoid ridge and os a < a, 
D. elephantopus; but the temporal fossa (ib. 7) has ace than half the an mee ne 
breadth, with equal depth; a tract of from 2 to 3 lines intervenes eee ss ge ae 
occipital and temporal depressions (ib. fig. 2), The hind part en one atte 
fig. 1,12) is more deeply excavated by the temporal fossa, ss PRA es aaa 
margin from the origin of the process, that margin being thick us i acral 
as in Dinornis elephantopus. The antero-inferior boundary-ridge o i i sets 
is continued from the underside, not the hinder part, of the base Heo s ae os. 
There is every sign of the vigorous action of the temporal anaes, a : a | y ti 
; ler, than in Dinornis elephantopus. e 
relatively smaller, and absolutely much small : 11 Gf Hiendrone-weneseethe 
orbit is not much less than in that larger species. In one skull o 
presphenoid is more carinate than in another. 
uals were indicated by limb-bones 

