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surface with the hind end of the vomerine plate, extending some way forward parallel 
therewith, and continued backward, beyond the vomer, diverging, with gain of thick- 
ness and loss of breadth, to abut against the pterygoid facet of the tympanic. This bone 
(ib. fig. 3, 24) is the “ pterygoid.” External and superior to it was the hind end of the 
palatine (ib. 20), which there has a breadth of O43 lines, the inner angle of which is 
rather thickened where it touched the vomer. From the outer, thinner and sharper 
angle the margin of the plate, which is the lower and outer one, is straight, slightly 
thickened, and, after advancing for one inch, expands, becoming again lJamelliform. 
This end, however, is not entire, and seems to have been broken away from some 
attachment. The hind plate, which, after a slight transverse convexity from the hinder 
and outer angle, bends upward and inward, expands to a breadth of 7 lines at a distance 
of 9lines from the hinder and inner angle; it then contracts with a thin wavy border to 
the fore end of the outer thicker border, which is there as it were twisted inward upon 
or beneath it. The entire plate then shows a twofold sinuous disposition with the con- 
cavity of the major part turned downward and inward. It bounds the inner, posterior 
or palatal nostril, and is homologous with the palatine (20, fig. 2, Emu, Pl. XXXI.). 
In the second skull of Dinornis crassus, yielding evidence of palatal structure, the 
palatals were found with the anterior, expanded, inwardly twisted end of the straight 
outer tract in contact with the palatal plate of the maxillary. This plate (ib. fig. 3, 21’), 
in form and proportion resembling that in Dinornis robustus (Pl. LXV. fig. 1, 20’), 
together with the attached portion of the body of the maxillary, had been slightly dis- 
placed on both sides by a superincumbent pressure of matrix, the skull seeming to have 
rested on the calvarium, palate upwards. No trace of the delicate vomerine plates had 
been preserved in this skull. But, together with the tympanic, pressed forward to the 
horizontal position, with the mastoid condyle slightly dislocated, there was exposed in 
the space between the orbital process of the tympanic and the pterapophysis of the 
basisphenoid, extending obliquely inward between the hind part of the palatine and 
the base of the presphenoid, the pterygoid bone, corresponding in shape with that 
above described. This bone had its thick, narrow, subtrihedral end directed toward 
the pterygoid articular facet of the tympanic, and its lamellate fore end Joining noe 
vomer and palatine. Retaining its attachment to the tympanic on the left side, where 
that bone has been pressed more outward than on the right, the pterygoid pe pe 
dragged away from its anterior connexions, and lies above and to the outside of the 
left palatine. 
Tn the general proportions and connexions of the above-described ae eee 
as nearly as their condition permitted in their natural places, as Mi a 4 . ee : 
they defined the posterior nostrils (palato-nares) and the pterapophysial Rees hy 
between the rostrum and pterygoids bounded behind by the ee re my 
and extent most nearly corresponding with that part of the skull in the Apteryr (Ti. V1. 
ieti i ath the rostrum for nearly 
fig. 2). The two moieties of the vomer are m contact benea < 

