336 
forward the tongue. In fig. 3 are also shown the circular fibres of the pharynx and 
beginning of the cesophagus (/'), also the commencement of the trachea (9). 
The portion of the cutaneous system of muscles for which I retained the old term 
“‘platysma myoides” (p. 43, Pl. X. e), has its rather strong, but. flattened, tendinous 
origin from the external ridge of the hinder surface of the mandible, shown in fig, 3, 
and the expansion of its thin sheet of carneous fibres (at e) inserted into the skin 
covering the throat. This pair of muscles must tend, acting together, to support and 
compress the upper larynx and pharynx. i | 
In both figures (3 & 4) are shown the inserted portions of the “longus colli posticus” 
(o**), of the “complexus” (y), of the ‘ trachelo-mastoideus ” (z), and of the i rectus 
capitis lateralis” (d). Full descriptions and figures of these muscles are given in 
Memoir II., on the Apteryx, pp. 46-50, Pls. X—XIV, 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. 
(All the figures are of the natural size.) 
PLATE XCI. 
Apteryx australis. 
Fig, 1. Side view of the brain, im situ, with dissection of nerves and of organ of smell. 
Fig. 2. Upper view of the brain, i situ, with olfactory and trigeminal nerves. 
Fig. 3. Base of brain, with cerebral arteries and origin of nerves. 
Fig. 4. Base of brain, the cerebellum exposed by removal of the macromyelon. 
Fig. 5. Side view of the brain, dissected to show the corpus striatum, 2. 
Fig. 6. Section of cerebellum, ¢, and of part of cerebrum. 
Fig. 7. Cavity of the lateral ventricle of the brain. 
Fig. 8. Section of rhinencephala, showing their ventricle, ¢. 
Fig. 9. Section of the fore part of prosencephala. 
Fig. 10. Section, showing the anterior commissure, 0. 
Dinornis giganteus. 
Fig. 11. Side view of brain. 
Fig. 12. Upper view of brain. 
Fig, 13. Base view of brain. 
The brain is represented by a cast of the cranial cavity. 
PLATE XCII, 
Fig. 1. Dissection of the brain, of the fifth, seventh, and eighth nerves, and of the 
muscles of the eyeball of Apterya australis. 

