39 
In the atlas and third vertebra the interzygapophysial bar, with the foramen it 
defines, is present!, The neural spine subsides to a pair of tuberosities in the fifth 
cervical; and this bifid condition is traceable to the ninth, where each division dege- 
nerates to the beginning of a ridge leading to the hyperapophysis. This process *, 
conspicuous and large on the axis and third vertebra, subsides in the following, but 
rises from its rudimental state in the ninth and following cervicals. 
The protuberance from the underpart of the par-pleurapophysis of the fifth and 
sixth cervicals shows as the “ catapophysis” of Mivart in the seventh; and converging 
towards its fellow, the pair of inferior processes become distinct in the ninth, approxi- 
mate in the eleventh, and blend into the single median hyapophysis in the twelfth 
cervical vertebra. This process increases in vertical and fore-and-aft extent to the 
middle of the three coalesced dorsals, and almost disappears in the hindmost (fifth 
dorsal); it is similarly represented as a low mesial ridge in the last free dorsal 
(sixth). 
The sternum of Pezophaps, as of Didus, accords with the didunculine modification 
of the Dove's breast-bone, in the breadth, for example, of the ectolateral processes and 
the absence of entolateral ones, The median hinder end of the sternum is narrower, 
more “xiphoid” in character, than in Didunculus, ‘The four articular ridges and 
depressions in each costal border are close-set up, especially the third and fourth. 
*'The costal process is both broad and thick, presenting a trihedral subconcave facet 
towards the ribs. ‘The thin ectolateral plate overlaps the two hinder hemapophyses 
joining the sternum, ‘The mesial pneumatic fossa at the anterior part of the sternal 
concavity communicates by a canal with the conyex or outer surface. The convex 
contour of the sternal keel is due to the suppression of the anterior subangular exten- 
sion which is present in the volant Dodlet. 
The first and obvious character in which the great extinct Ground-Doves differ from 
the smaller existing volant kinds is in the small proportion of the brain-case to the rest 
of the skull. If the length of the cranium be taken from the back of the occiput to 
the front of the frontal bone, it is in Pezophaps rather more than half that of the 
skull; in Didus it is little more than one third. 
‘The difference is not due to the small relative size of the orbits, but to the great 
relative length of the beak, especially of the narial part, in Didus. ‘This part, which 
includes the lateral bony external nostrils, is relatiyely shorter in Pezophaps than 
in Didus. 
The interorbital septum is entire in both genera, 
In both Didus and Pezophaps the upper grooved border of the foramen magnum 
extends further back than the condyle. The occiput, in Pezophaps (Pl. VY. tig. 5), is 
vertical, feebly convex vertically and transversely, divided by a pair of arched inser- 
\ Anté, p. 896, fig. 11, 7, s, third cervical uf D, maximus. 
* Anté, p, 394, fig. 4, hp. 
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