Profits from Trees and Shrubs 

N THESE days of dubious investments nothing is sure. Trees and shrubs provide a source of income for the 
future in various ways on a basis that compares favorably with other business. They are permanent and 
their product is basic—not subject to variable demand. As compared with ordinary farming, the cost of upkeep 
and preparing a yearly crop is incomparably lower—almost nothing in many cases. There is no plowing, seed- 
ing or (usually) cultivation. Here are some suggested ideas (figures approximate):— 
1. Christmas Trees, Pulpwood, Timber— 
Forest planting. See page 33, and below. 
2. Start a Nursery—In the right locality 
this can profitably be done, in two 
ways:— 
a—Local nursery of choice kinds. 
b—Growing selected kinds for wholesale 
sales. 
We will gladly help you prepare proper 
lists and quote prices. 
3. Fruit Orchards—Still money to be made, 
in spite of pests and competition. (See 
page 27). 
4. Grafted Nut Trees. (See page 26). 
The two best are Black Walnut and 
Chinese Chestnut. A Thomas Walnut 
should produce $3. in nuts (wholesale) 
the 10th year. Planted 16 to the acre, 
$48. per acre. In another 5 to 10 years 
this should rise to $150. an acre! And 
no work but one spraying each spring. 
The trees live for centuries. 
Chestnuts are too new in this country 
for figures, but the yield is much greater 
and earlier than even Walnuts. 
5. Huge Hybrid Blueberries. (See page 
29). 
A bush should produce 2 quarts @ 25c 
wholesale) its 6th year and by the 8th or 
9th about $1.00 a year in berries. Planted 
6 ft. apart (1200 to the acre) you could 
safely expect on good land a gross in- 
come of $1200 a year, selling wholesale. 
Picking costs are high, but hiring all work 
done, a net profit of $600 an acre is actu- 
ally being made on these. The bushes 
produce for several generations, without 
care or trouble. 

STOCK-FEED FROM TREES 
The whole idea of raising our food from 
annual plants like wheat and corn is an 
inheritance from pre-historic ages, says 
Dr. J. Russel Smith in his book Tree Crops. 
Trees yield more food per acre, more 
uniformly, without any back-breaking labor 
and, most important, without needing soil 
cultivation—which is the operation respon- 
sible for erosion. 
He suggests some native trees which, 
combined, produce fruit continuously from 
June to December—and provide it auto- 
matically by dropping fruit daily where 
stock—pigs, cattle, ete—can pick it up 
without attention or supervision. 
1. Mulberry—Loved by all animals, good 
fattening food. Berries begin dropping 
in June and continue into August. See 
under MORUS for seedlings, in alpha- 
betical list, page 12. Also see page 25 
for New American, best variety. 
2. Honey Locust (Gleditsia)—Large pods 
high in sugar content, drop in Septem- 
ber. All stock eats them. Very fatten- 
ing. Improved varieties ready, but 
seedlings priced under GLEDITSIA 
(page 9) bear well on the average. 
Grafted Locust Varieties:— 
Calhoun—pod 32% sugar. 17 dry pods 
to pound. 
Millwood—pod 28% sugar, 13 to the 
pound. 
2alOgo eta See ee. ee $1.00 each 
ARTOR Omi beeen ee 1.40 each 
3. Persimmon (see page 25). 
4. Oaks (See under QUERCUS)—Acorns 
have extremely high nutritive value 
particularly for pigs, and almost any 
of the native species may be used for 
this purpose. 
Small supplementary feedings are neces- 
sary, yet the above will cut to a third 
ordinary cost and trouble. 
FOREST PLANTING PAYS 
The economic side of the planting of young trees is, perhaps, 
not generally understood. A yearly income of 15 to 20 per cent 
on an investment in reforestation is well within the bounds of 
possibility if ordinary care and intelligence are exercised. This 
investment would, of course, be a long-term one of 20 to 
50 years. 
At 40 years of age the board feet would range from 30 to 40 
thousand feet per acre and the cords of pulp-wood also ap- 
proximately double the figures for 30 years. For this reason 
40 years is a much more economical period to crop the 
timberland. 
The planting of White and Norway Spruce and Douglas and 
Balsam Fir for Christmas Tree cutting is another phase of 
commercialized forestry which is profitable. This crop usually 
matures in about 10 years and when cut, leaves the timber-lot 
properly spaced for forest growing. One tree is planted be- 
tween each two permanent trees and requires no extra land; 
indeed it is an assistance to the young evergreen for the first 
ten years to have the shade and shelter of a dense planting, 
which must, however, be cleared away in time, whether for 
Christmas Tree use or not, in order to maintain space for 
permanent growth. 
For Timber 
Spruce and Pines 
Black Locust (posts) 
LIGHT SAND 
Scotch Pine (Pinus) 
Black Locust (Robinia) 
Carolina Poplar 
(Populus) 
SANDY LOAM 
Red Pine (Pinus) 
Black Locust (Robinia) 
Carolina Poplar 
(Populus) 
European Larch (Larix) 
Arbor Vitae 
(Thuya Occident) 
Douglas Fir 
(Pseudotsuga) 
GOOD SOIL 
White Pine (Pinus) 
Norway Spruce (Picea) 
White Ash (Fraxinus) 
European Larch (Larix) 
COARSE GRAVEL 
Red Pine (Pinus) 
Black Locust (Robinia) 
LOAM 
White Pine (Pinus) 
Norway Spruce (Picea) 
White Ash (Fraxinus) 
Carolina Poplar 
(Populus) 
European Larch (Larix) 
Arbor Vitae (Thuya) 
WET LAND 
Balsam Fir (Abies) 
Arbor Vitae 
(Thuya Occident) 
Carolina Poplar 
(Populus) 
3-CROP FOREST PLAN: 
Ash and Hickory OA Za 1. TIMBER—12 ft. apart (402 
"(handles p»)) en * x (7 to acre). Leave 40-50 years. 
Walnut, Aivledendren, Y Meanwhile:-— 
etc., cabinet woods 7 : 
: 2. XMAS TREES on same land 
x x x * 
aoe ales i set 3 ft. apart (3630 to 
Witeeet oe e-3ft->I (mas Trees) acre). 10 years. 
Douglas Pir : Me 3 3. PULPWOOD—Six feet apart 
i w x p 
Boal ence * t (808 to acre). Crop, 20 
ue j— ft: aoa (Pulp-wood) years. 
Norway Spruce x * x x * Mixed planting, including 
White Spruce 1 : Seal hardwood, reduces fire risk, 
ped nee a ernanent’ 12ft ‘Timber : minimizes disease, increases 
Poplars ®& K x Pe cash return per acre and di- 
Io ae = versifies. Total, 4840 to acre. 
Cost: Planting 4800 trees to the acre, Crop B: Pulpwood. 800 trees in 20 years, 
about $75 for trees and $75 for planting. 
(Say $150). 
Crop A: Christmas Trees. 3600 trees in 
10 years, value about 50c wholesale. 
A gross return of $1800. 
Page 29 
say 30 cords at about $4. A gross re- 
turn of $120. 
Crop C: Timber. 400 trees left 12 ft. apart 
for your grandchildren. Worth in 40 
years about $400. an acre at present 
prices. 
