358 JOURNAL OF THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
of the original surface generally remain, and which were probably 
derived from supra-cretaceous gravels existing in great volume 
between Torquay and Newton Abbot, about four miles from the 
Cavern. It is obvious, however, that even such tools could not be 
made without the dislodgment of flakes and chips, some of which 
would be capable of being utilized; and accordingly a few rem- 
nants of this kind were met with in the Breccia; but they were 
all of a very rude, simple character, and do not appear to have 
been improved by being chipped. The implements were by no 
means so abundant as those of the Cave-earth; that is to say, a 
given volume of Breccia did not yield so many implements as on the 
average occurred in an equal volume of Cave-earth. Whether equal 
periods of time are represented by equal volumes of deposit in the 
two cases, or whether equal 
periods of time represent 
equal numbers of Cave- 
dwellers, or tool-makers, 
or flint tools are questions 
into which it is not now 
proposed to enter. Through 
the assistance of Mr. Spence 
Bate, who kindly made a 
drawing of the original, 
I am enabled to give the 
accompanying figure of a 
characteristic specimen of 
the tools found in the 
Breccia, of which the fol- 
lowing description was given 
in the Committee’s Ninth 
Annual Report :— 
Fig. 10 (No. 6022, Cav. 
Journ.) represents, on the 
scale of one-half, linear, ‘‘a 
fine kite-shaped tool, 5:1 
inches long, 2°6 inches in 
greatest breadth,and 2 inches 
in greatest thickness. On 
one side, especially at the but-end, it is very convex; on the other 
it may be said to have a tendency to flatness; but as this inner face 
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