seen small trees of this variety from my 
own nursery hanging with as full a crop 
of nuts as a Black Walnut tree near by 
was bearing. 
I have Wiltz-Mayette trees grafted on 
Black Walnut roots, and also a very 
promising new variety called Broadview, 
the parent tree of which grew from a nut 
brought to this country by a man from 
Odessa, Russia. This tree vindicates its 
Russian origin by surviving 28° F. below 
zero in British Columbia, and it may in 
a few years be regarded as the best of all 
English Walnuts for frost land. 
Second “Must”: The soil must be right, 
that is, fertile, well drained and carry- 
ing as much lime as is necessary for sweet 
clover or alfalfa, namely pH 6.5 to pH 7.0. 
This lime requirement is not unnatural 
when one considers that virtually all the 
soils in countries having the semiarid 
climate in which this tree originated are 
somewhat alkaline. 
Many a little English Walnut tree has 
gone out of an American nursery to an 
American garden or yard where it looked 
unhappy, stood hesitant despite apparent 
good care, and finally quit for no known 
reason—probably for want of Ime. 
Strange to say, this need for lime is 
necessary for the English Walnut trees 
grafted on Black Walnut roots, although 
the Black Walnut tree itself can get along 
without the lime. Furthermore, one ex- 
perimenter reports that before a good 
liming the leafhoppers ate the leaves off 
his English Walnut tree, and after a lim- 
ing the leafhoppers let it alone—a good 
illustration of the oft-claimed point: Give 
a tree all it needs for food and it will 
have far less trouble with pests and will 
be much more resistant to diseases. 
The third English Walnut “Must”: No 
late growth. The way to kill an English 
Walnut tree for sure in the latitude of 
Pittsburgh, New York or Maryland is to 
cultivate it thoroughly all summer, give 
it lots of nitrogenous fertilizer like hen 
manure, and keep it in rapid growth until 
October. It will go into winter looking like 
the green bay tree of Scripture and come 
out looking as though it had been in a 
fire. This late growth does not have time 
to harden up and ripen, and so falls an 
easy victim to frost. Therefore the lawn is 
an especially favorable place for the Eng- 
lish Walnut. If you wish to fertilize it 
give it some cyanamid or other quickly 
soluble alkaline nitrate in the early 
spring—middle of March, say, or not later 

than the first of April. Let it make one 
period of growth and stop. If it is in a 
garden, don’t cultivate it after August 
Ist. Let the weeds and grass grow and 
choke it down. Give it plenty of phos- 
phorus and plenty of potash. They harden 
the wood and make nuts. Let the nitrogen 
food come from quickly soluble chemicals. 
Follow these three easy “Musts” and 
plant some grafted English Walnut trees 
and you are likely to be independent of 
the grocer for English Walnuts. And your 
Wilte-Mayettes (V) or Broadviews (prob- 
ably IV. Possibly favorable locations in 
III) will be as good as his. 
Grafted Black Walnuts 
Everyone knows how good the Amer- 
ican Black Walnut (Jugians nigra) is, 
but it is not generally known that it is 
the best of all nuts for cooking purposes. 
It carries its flavor right through the 
oven; other nuts do not. This gives it a 
market with the makers of nut bread, and 
the confectioners. The ice-cream makers 
also like to buy the kernels by the ton. 
For these reasons an industry is starting 
in the growing of Black Walnuts in com- 
mercial orchards. 
As a result of wide search through 
thousands of wild trees, some 50 or 60 
varieties are now being tested by various 
members of the Northern Nut Growers 
Association. I am offering grafted trees of 
two varieties: 
The Thomas (IV, III, west of Lake 
Michigan) has the following character- 
istics: 
(1) It grows about twice as fast as an 
apple tree. 
(2) It bears as soon as most apple trees. 
I have had large-size Thomas Walnut 
trees to bear a few nuts the year after 
setting out. This, however, is unusual. 
(3) The outside of the hull is hard. This 
is an important point. It keeps away most 
of the Walnut beetles. The larva of this 
insect is the unpleasant husk maggot. 
(4) Most of the kernels come out of the 
shells in whole quarters, about ten pounds 
of kernels to the bushel. 
(5) The kernels are of unusually fine 
flavor. 
(6) The tree has proved hardy and 
fruitful in southern Ontario, at Ithaca, 
New York, near Rutland, Vermont, in 
Towa and in west central Texas. A grower 
at Clyde, Texas, reports éight consecutive 
crops. May be expected to bear as often 
as wild Walnut trees bear, and oftener if 
