WATERFCHWL BREBDIVG-CGROURD SURVEY, 1°49 
in Fortheastern States, Maritime Provinces, and Southern Quebec 
by 
C. KH. Addy, George F. Boyer, and Leon D. Cool 
Introduction 
This is the first vear that an effort has been made to establish 
definite sample creccs arese ip the northeaetern states and eastern Canada. 
In the northeastern states our lified eportamen, ornithologists, and personnel 
of state game departments anc Fisch and Wildlife Service conducted spring 
counts of breeding pairs and semmer counts of broods on definite ereas. These 
same established ceneus are&s will be covered in the same manner each year. 
The fine work done by these obeervere is -reatly appreciated and it is 
regrettable that space in this report will not allow personal mention of 
each co-aperater. 
Easterr Canad& is an area as large as, or larger than, eastero United 
States. Over mach of this area, particularly in Quebec and Labmmdor, little 
fe known of the status of waterfowl breeding. The only cennue tract had been 
established in the pact near Fredericton, New Erinswick, by the Northeastern 
Wildlife Station. This year it wee necessary to determine whether it 1s 
feasible tc use aircraft for breeding-ground surveys in eastern Canada and, 
if eo, the troper method of using them. If practicable, it was intended *- 
establish cefinite census transects or areas to be covered each year, Liie- 
wise, with the mid-summer brood surveye by canoe and on foot, definite cenena 
areae were to be @stablished for coverage each year. 
The following i: a brief outline of the summer's work in Canada. The 
ground brood survey, May & te May 24, wae made by ©. BE, Addy and &, F. Boyer 
end covered areae in New Erunewick, Prince Edward Ialand and Nova Scotia, 
The serial breeding eurvey, May 26 to June 18, was made by Leon D. Cool, 
Pllot-cbhserver and ©, EB, Addy, observer, and covered New Brunawick, Nova 
Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Anticostl Teland, and the 5t. Lawreace Hiver 
area from Mingan to Lake St. Feter and lake St. John (pee map). The airplane 
used wae furnished by the Branch of Game Management. 
The ground brood survey by canoe anc on foot, Mey © to May 24 and 
July 2 to August 7, was made by George F. Boyer and G. E. Addy working 
together and covered areas in New Eronswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward 
Island (eee map). 
Methods end Areas Covered 
Aerial Survey in Canada 
Since alreraft had not previously been used for counting breeding 
waterfowl in esatern Canada, and there war uncertaioty as toe the importance 
of many areas for breeding waterfowl, it was necessary in the Limited time 
available to combine reconnalseance with studies of the proper method to 
follow. Two methods were ured, the straight overland transect and spot 
ecverage ol aefinite areas, 
B88 
