Fout Breeding Concentrationa 
Enumeratione of post-breeding cancentrations and early autumn migrant 
eroupa were made throughout the Upper Columbia Yalley. The numbers of water- 
fowl geen at nine different lecations hetween Golden and Ganal Flat within 
didieated perioda in 19448 and 1949 are recorded in Table 6. While, because 
of the time eslapsing between commencement and coupletion of counta, the 
figures given may not reflect the tots] population of the sanple areas at 
acy one time, a rough comparison of the counts is in order. Eren allowing 
for the fact that the later dates of the 1949 count weigh in farour of 1949, 
aA large increase in the numbers of a]1 species of ducka, with the exception 
of g@reen-winged tea] and ring-necked duck, is indicated. Observations made 
during the early summer did not suggest any increase in the total breeding 
pooulation, It seems probable that the demonstrated increase in late gummer 
populationa ia due to a highly satiefactory survival rate both locally and, 
more particularly, in districts which contribute to the eouthward migration 
throughout the Recky Mountain Trench and Upper Columbia Valley. 
Ohgervations in the Greston Areg 
Poat-breeding concentrations of waterfowl at Duck and Leach Lakes in the 
Creston area were observed by J. A. Munro and 2D. A. Munro during 1947, 1948, 
and 1949, Maximum counte of each species made during 1947 and 1948 and two 
enumerations made during 1949, are presented in Table 7, It ehould be stressed 
that the figures given in Table 7 do not refer to locelly—breeding birds. 
The lere]) of Duck Lake fie reised annually curing the early autumn by the 
manipulation of dams on the Kootensay River below Belson. In 1949, the Level 
of Duck Lake was raleed early in Auguet and # large area of excellent feeding 
eround wae thereby made lese attractive to waterfowl. 
Qhaervationg in the Granbrook Area 
Counta of waterfowl on nine emall lakes in the Dry Forest parkland area 
adjacent to the Cranbrook are presented in Table &. The figures indicate 
that local waterfowl Production wae Zreater in 1949 than in 1948, 

Exploratory Work 
During July 1949, arena in the ¥icinity of Arrowhead and the Thncan River 
were inspected. Neither of theee areas has hitherto been assessed as water= 
fowl habitat. 
Arrowhead 
The areas ¢xamined coneist of the alluvial land around the mouths of the 
Columbia Hiver and Grenberry Creek at the northern end of Upper Arrow Lake, 
and the valley of the Solumbia River between Arrowhead and Rereletoke. 
The moet valuable waterfowl habitat le the sedge meadow, about one square 
mile in ares, which lies on the deltaic clay at the mouth of the Columbia 
River, The whole area ig subject to spring fleod and ag A congeouence numerous 
derreasione in the meadow are filled with water each summer, 
a2 
