a, The following -yecies were tonstdsred ms resident treadine bi. is when- 
ever sean durinzg the cons. period, for these snscies ara knevm ta treed camnonly 
in Wisconsin during the esi.cus seried: Mallard, black, madwall, word, Ting-neck, 
ang hoagded mergeanser, 
b. The following “petices were cansidered as residant breeding birds anly 
When sgen as Lone pairs, lone meles, or tans famrler, Mixed flocks of thage 
Species were not considered as resident breeders but co late mifrent birds. 
They tneluded: baldpstes, pintatl, blus-wineed teal, shovreler, redhead, canvas- 
back, bufflehead, polden-eys, Amertean mereanser, ruddy, Cansda coos?, and all 
unidentified ducks. 
ce, Lesser Scnups wert observed more commonly than any other species af 
duck on All seriel work conducted. Lowever, sinc this ig a litte mirront snecies 
in tae soring tnd sines thers is Littles cvideneas to indicate thet it breeds axcept 
sseTingly in Wisconsin, tt hus not been considered mas - resident Greedins bird 
in any of the calculations submitted in this report. Lssssr scaurs can ennually 
be found in Wisconsia until Juns 1 and even well inte Tune, but there ts littla 
to confirm thet taosy treed in this Stats axcept very occasionally in northern 
Lisconsin. 
d. Computation of total breeding sairs by the metnaod of tas Fish and 
Wildlife Services. Caleulutions far total breeding paivs were based solely and 
in all instances on lone peirs, lone m=les, and lon famaies ane subtect te the 
conditions outlined in iteme 1 ta Fo abevs. Unidentified ducks were also used 
in Lies aonnutetians. 
a. Cotgnitetion of totel breedin: onirs by the method of the Wisconsin 
Canseryation Dspartmeat, Colculations for total breeding pairs wers boesed 
solely on the following and 2s outlined in iteme 1 te 3: 
1. Lows gaira 
=, Lene males 
3. Lone females in all species sxcapting mallards. ‘Where summsring mallard 
Gbacek warr present on the same body of water, mallerd females were rat considered 
ms representinze breeding pairs. 
4. oumtiering drakes wore considered as representines 29irs of oresding ducka 
in addition to all lon® drakes and all lens vairs for the followine species which 
are known to haye nearly even S¢x ratiog: Mallard, black duck, sintail, wood 
duck and hooded merganser. tor those species which ere known to have distorted 
sex gitios, surerin- males or flocks of apparently unmated males were not con- 
Sideresd as representing breeding oairs; these inelud]ed; all divine duck specias, 
shoveler, blus-winesd teal and baldpates., 
[. Sumerins flocks of the above-listed snecies of ducks considered as 
renresentins bresdinr pairs; 1.9., mallards, blueks, cintails, wood ducks, and 
hooded metyansers;, #re knob to nest garly in Wisennsin, The buik of thess birds 
will have elreedy formed into flocks of yarvine Slzes es early cs the first week 
in May in Wincansin, £8 an examination of all aerial data an total melss end 
total fernles will eclenrly indicate. This phenomsnen $58 actually more prencunced 
in southern Kisconsin than in oorthern Wisconsin, 
6. In the case of flocks of unidentified ducks, unsexed ring-mecks, and 
EP Ee 
unsaxed wood ducks, it was arbitrarily assumed thet for seach two birds ons 
tresding pair was represented, This action muy bs subject to criticism but 
all work indicates that at least a sizzable vartion of all such flocks will bs 
composed of summering, males durinr this period in th: breeding é6enson in 
Viseoansin, 

1o2 
