(‘Taf hfe LT) Tage. 44: ee 
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Lege the HALE LD Ma LHP 
a o! 
- ——]--— cleats 
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in ota | 
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£ 
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Figure 7. - Ainu hunters bartering seals (Bibl 8). The inecription states: 
“When they bring their catch to the exchange, they are given rice, clothing, or 
tobacco.“ 
temperance. As the hunting season approached, they firet of all cleansed their bodies 
thoroughly. Then they took their hunting tools to their altars. and worshipped before then. 
During this time much care was taken by their families to have no contact with them and to 
speak not a single word. 
"Seal hunting was done in amall boats manned usually by two men, one to paddle 
and the other to throw the epear {Figure 6|. The fur seal ia by nature very fond of sleep- 
ing and takes ite nape floating in a herd on the water. One seal, however, always remains 
awake and on the approach of vessels gives the alarm to the herd. The hunters quietly ap-~ 
proach the sleeping herd and suddenly and ekillfully swing the tail of a fox, whereupon the 
goarding aninal flees in terror without a sound. Then the others are killed by arrows or 
spears. 
"After the fur seale were caught they were brought to a market [Figure 7| to be 
ealted and prepared after their viscera wore removed. The intestines and glande were pre~ 
sented to the ernment and the liver was given to the hunters as a prize with rice and 
sake [rice wine], The exchange rate was 14 sho of rice for a fur seal with an additional 
present of one sto [about half a gallon] of rice, one sho sake, one bundle of tobacco, one 
tube of tobacco, some fish and 63 shaku of cotton. The exchange rate for one penis for 
takeri was 5.5 shaku of cotton with some money in addition. 
"The Mateumsae clan established its principal stockhouse at Oshamambe, from which 
they conducted their businese. During the Kansei and Bunka eras (1789-1817) they estab- 
lished branches at Otoshibe, Yamagoshi, Oshamambe, Rebunge, Abuta and Ueu {all towns on 
Uchi ura-vwan | which were called the 'Rokimbasho’' [offices established in six places}. The 
15 
