notched only around the edzes. Thus, 2 notch-card the size of a standard 
Hollerith card has 78 notch positions while the Hollerith card has sever- 
al hundred hole positions. Notch positions can be added to the notch- 
card by increasing the size of the card. Occasionally it may be advanta- 
geous to add notch positions by using a double or triple row of holes 
along the edge of the card. This requires a special punch for the 

secondary rows. Punching the second or third row allows the cards to 
drop only a little way from the deck, but this is sufficient to pernit 
them to be pulled out the rest of the way by hand, 
i * 
Uses 
The Notch-card system can be used for office records such as per- 
sonnel, payroll, accounting, inventory, etc. It may be used for analyses 
and record files for hunter returns, creel censuses, research data, and 
bibliographies. It can be put to use almost anywhere that collesticzs 
of repetitive data are subject to analysis. In the case of bibliographies, 
‘a collection of seven or eight cross-referenced indexes may be maintain- 
ed on but one set of cards. 
Coding 
The most important aspect of the use of any punch-card system is 
the coding of information. To be accomplished most effectively, coding 
should be done at the beginning of a project-~-before the data are collect- 
ed. This has two advantages. It assures the collecting of data in a 
form which can be readily coded, and, second, it frequently allows the 
punching of data directly on cards in the field. If the data cannot be 
punched directly in the field, at least they can be recorded on forma 
which have the code indicated, so that punch operators will have to use 
a minimum of subjective judgment. Unless data are pre-coded, they us- 
ually must be subjected to two operations before they are in punch- 
card form. First, they must be transferred to code-sheets. Then they 
must be punched into cards. These extra steps take time and allow errors 
to be introduced. With regard to the errors, all data should be care- 
fully verified each time they pass through a coding or punching process. 
Once an error is allowed to be established on the punched cards, it may 
be there permanently, because it is not ordinarily subjected to personal 
scrutiny in the sorting and tallying processes, 
