St. Paul Island, September 24 to October 10, 1947. Specifications of the 
punch are as follows: 
Single screw tube spring action, belt type, 8-inch, diameter of hole 1/4 
inch (iodel 181 EEMUAKD, ‘Im. Schollhorn Company, New Haven, Connecticult); cost 
$3 (fig. 13). “e used two punches and held two for emergency use. ‘We also 
had spare screw tubes, steel, 2 dozen, no. 8 size, cost $4.80 a dozen, and 
spare screw anvils, brass, 1 dozen, cost $4.20 a dozen. 
we punched a hole in the web of the left hind flinper between the first 
and second digits (fig. 14). The web is about 2 mn, thick; tough and rubbery, 
“hen the punch was sharp it made a clean hole but when it was dull as a result 
of the abrasive action of sand and rookery mud, it left a ragged edge. ie 
replaced the screw tube with a freshly sharpened one about four times a day. 
Experiments should be made with other types of punches, for example, one having 
a solid piston instead of a steel tubs. On several two-year seals examined in 
1949, the punched hole was found to be distinct, 

Figure 12.--Apparatus for painting fur seal, St. Paul Island, Alaska, 
August 5, 1949. Biologist Karl %. Kenyon carries a pressure 
tank, hand operated, and a DeVilbiss atomizer. 
Re 
