It can be shown from these Utah statistics that, if only 
20 per cent of the adult redheads was taken by hunters, then the 
population probably remained stable during the banding period 
1926-33. If more than 20 per cent was taken, then the population 
declined. A 20 per cent adult kill by hunters is taken to imply 
a 45 per cent hunting mortality among birds of the year. While the 
vulnerability of this age class seems to be somewhat further exag- 
gerated by different migratory behavior among both adults and young, 
it nevertheless is very real and an important problem in the conserva~ 
tion of this species. Records of redheads more recently banded in 
Canada yield a picture of mortality gmnorally similar to that found 
for birds banded in Utah. 
82 
