South of Long Island, flights are restricted largely to the 
eastern shore of New Jersey and the eastern shores of Delaware, Maryland, 
and Virginia (largely avoiding the Chesapeake Bay marshes). 
An interesting aspect is that southern New Jersey accounts 
for nearly half (25) of the direct recoveries from Long Island south 
(total 53; or 44 percent) and amounts to about a fifth of all direct 
recoveries from the Labrador and eastern Quebec bandings (total 119). 
Newfoundland 
The next station of importance to the south is Grand Codroy 
River, Newfoundland. Here again the recoveries both direct. (53) and 
indireet (31) are few, but there are probably enough records to give 
a general indication of the route of travel. It is apparent from the 
mapped records that this banding represents a population of birds not 
too closely associated with the populations in Labrador and eastern 
Quebec. At least there is not the strong migrational characteristics 
exhibited by the mainland blacks. Actually these Newfoundland birds 
occupy many of the same marshes as the Labrador and Quebec birds during 
migration, but the Newfoundland blacks apparently do not go farther 
south than Cape Cod or eastern Long Island in any significant numbers 
during the shooting season (fig,3). There is the possibility of a 
more important southern penetration late in December, for as is demon- 
strated later (p. 43) these Newfoundland blacks do not move until quite 
late in the season. Approximately 90 percent of all recoveries were 
obtained from Long Island north. The largest kill of banded birds 
oceurs in Nova Scotia where 38 percent of the recoveries are reported. 
Eight percent and 13 percent are from Prince Edward Island and Massachu- 
setts, respectively. Recoveries in the vicinity of the banding station 
amounting to about 18 percent indicates a local hunting pressure in 
Newfoundland which is not present at the Labrador-Quebec stations. In 
all probability the Newfoundland blacks might be considered a strictly 
Maritime unit, occupying outer coastal waters almost exclusively, with 
some of the populatim going regularly to the Maryland, Delaware, and 
New Jersey coasts but with the bulk of the birds occupying the coastal 
area from Long Island north, at least during the fall period. 
Maritime Provinces 
Banding was started in Nova Scotia in 1922 and in New Bruns- 
wick in 1928, But at both stations it has been limited, with total 
recoveries for Nova Scotia only 35 and for New Brunswick 89. Most of 
these blacks were banded as juveniles on marshes that were subjected 
to extremely heavy fall hunting that started in September. As a 
result, there is a heavy kill of local ducks, apparently late migrators. 
About three-fourths of the banded birds recovered were shot within a 
50-mile radius of where the birds were trapped. The majority were 
taken on the same marsh where, as flightless juveniles, they had been 
banded 6 to 8 weeks previously. With the leavy local kill accounting 
