Only a few indirect recoveries occur north of the banding 
station. This indicates the early fall bandings on the Penobscot River 
are dealing primarily with a local population originating largely from 
within Maine itself. 
Massachusetts 
Over a period of some 20 years, more black ducks have been 
banded in Massachusetts than in any other State or Province with the 
exception of New York. Practically all the banding has been done on 
tidal marshes or nearby areas on Cape Cod and in the vicinity of New- 
buryport near the New Hampshire line, though there have been miscell- 
aneous bandings on various islands and at scattered points across the 
interior of the State. Bandings during fall, winter, and spring are 
represented from both the Newburyport and Cape Cod stations. 
Starting with the more northerly station, Newburyport, we 
find a total of 665 recoveries for all fall bandings. Of these, 299 
may be classed as directs banded before the hunting season, 295 as 
indirects, and the remainder as direct recoveries from bandings during 
the hunting season. 
One would expect that the 299 direct recoveries would show a 
wall-distributed spread into the Middle Atlantic States, if they were 
consistent with recoveries from bandings farther north. This is not 
the case, for approximately 83 percent of these recoveries were within 
50 miles of the point of banding. There is a dribble of records as far 
south as North Carolina and about the same number north into Maine. 
Roughly 8 percent of the recoveries were from Long Island 
south, and 7 percent were from the southern New England area. This 
dispersal pattern of the southward recoveries (fig. 5) is similar to 
that of the Maine, Quebec, and Labrador stations, but the volume is 
far from that which would be anticipated, particularly since some of 
the northern banded birds were actually killed at Newburyport on the 
way south. The data from the more northern bandings, as well as recov- 
eries from bandings along the coast from Virginia and North Carolina 
(see pp. 27-30), indicate that there must be a much heavier migration 
along coastal Massachusetts than is shown by the Newburyport bandings. 
Tabulations of bandings before the hunting season on Cape Cod, although 
fewer in number (102) show much the same trend. Seventy-six percent of 
the recoveries were taken locally and about 9 percent from Long Island 
south. Many blacks banded on the Cape during July and August exhibited 
late~summer northward movement into Maine, New Hampshire, New Brunswick, 
Ontario, ami Quebec. This amounted to approximately 12 percent of the 
recoveries. 
Why should Massachusetts coastal bandings show a very meager 
fall migration when the evidence from bandings over a wide area to the 
north shows a strong coastal migration right through the same areas 
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